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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD
GASTROESOPHAGEAL
REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)

BY: DANIELLE STEVENSON

THE ESOPHAGUS IS A TUBE THAT
CONNECTS FROM THE THROAT TO THE
STOMACH

WHAT IS GERD?
•Chronic digestive disease
•Occurs when stomach acid backflow into esophagus
•Acid irritates esophagus lining

NORMAL ESOPHAGUS VS
GERD

S&S
•Dyspepsia

•Heart Burn
•Nausea
•Chest Pain
•Sore throat

(Indigestion)

•Regurgitation
•Dysphagia
(difficulty swallowing)

•Hyper salivation

RISK FACTORS

1.Hiatal Hernia
2.Diet- Foods that relax LES
3.Drugs-Relax LES

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES

•Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
(EGD)
•Esophageal pH monitoring
•Barium swallow
•Esophageal manometry

NURSING INTERVENTION

• Obtain signed consent from client
• Educate client on all procedures
•Verify gag reflex returns postprocedure
• Instruct client to keep a diary of symptoms MEDICATIONS
•Antacids
•Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
•Histamine (H2) Receptor
Antagonist
•Prokinetics

NURSING CONSIDERATION
FOR MEDS
•Antacids: Ensure drug isn 't contraindicated with other meds
•H2 Receptor Antagonist/PPI: Use cautiously in clients with COPD
• Prokinetic: Monitor client for extrapyramidal side effects
1. Parkinsonism
2. Tardive dyskinesia
3. Dystonic reactions

WHO’S PAYING ATTENTION?

NCLEX QUESTIONS!
Which of the following classifications of medications will help relieve symptoms of GERD?
(Select All That Apply)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Antacid
Histamines (H2) receptors antagonist
Opioid analgesics
Fiber laxatives
Proton Pump Inhibitors

Correct Answers: A, B, and E
Rationale: Antacids neutralize gastric acids, histamines (H2) receptors antagonists decrease the secretion of gastric acid, and proton pump inhibitors decrease the production off gastric acid.
D,C: Opioids analgesics and fiber laxatives are not effective in treating symptoms of
GERD.

A client who has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) complains of heartburn. To decrease the heartburn, the nurse should instruct the client to eliminate which of the following


References: http:// www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/basics/definit ion/con-20025201 PN Adult Medical Surgical Nursing Edition 8.0, ATI Nursing Education page, 485, chapter 42.
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