Gender
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
1
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
Ethiopian Society of Population Studies
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Addis Ababa, October 2008
2
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
Ethiopian Society of Population Studies
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Addis Ababa, October 2008
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
3
This document was printed with funds provided by UNFPA. Note: the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this publication are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to UNFPA.
4
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Contents
Executive Summary 1. 1.1 1.2 2. 2.1. 2.2 2.3 3. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3 4.4 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6. 6.1 6.2 Introduction and Objectives Introduction Objectives of the Study Background and Literature Review An Overview of Gender Inequality in Developing Countries The Ethiopian Context Policy Overview Data Source and Study Population Gender Analysis Concepts and Models Methods Results Discussion on Gender and Education Women’s Empowerment Review of Concepts and Indicators Methods Results Discussion Recommendation and Limitations Recommendation Limitations of the Study 7 9 9 12 13 13 16 19 22 23 23 26 26 33 36 36 37 40 51 54 54 54 55
References
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
5
Acronyms and Abbreviations
BMI BPA CEDAW CSA DHS FDRE FGD FGM GAD GER GPI MDGs MMR SSA UNFPA WID Body Mass Index Beijing Platform for Action Convention on Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women Central Statistical Authority Demographic and Health Survey Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Focus Group Discussion Female Genital Mutilation Gender and Development Gross Enrolment Ratio Gender Parity
1
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
Ethiopian Society of Population Studies
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Addis Ababa, October 2008
2
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
Ethiopian Society of Population Studies
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Addis Ababa, October 2008
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
3
This document was printed with funds provided by UNFPA. Note: the findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this publication are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to UNFPA.
4
In-depth Analysis of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005
Contents
Executive Summary 1. 1.1 1.2 2. 2.1. 2.2 2.3 3. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3 4.4 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6. 6.1 6.2 Introduction and Objectives Introduction Objectives of the Study Background and Literature Review An Overview of Gender Inequality in Developing Countries The Ethiopian Context Policy Overview Data Source and Study Population Gender Analysis Concepts and Models Methods Results Discussion on Gender and Education Women’s Empowerment Review of Concepts and Indicators Methods Results Discussion Recommendation and Limitations Recommendation Limitations of the Study 7 9 9 12 13 13 16 19 22 23 23 26 26 33 36 36 37 40 51 54 54 54 55
References
Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment
5
Acronyms and Abbreviations
BMI BPA CEDAW CSA DHS FDRE FGD FGM GAD GER GPI MDGs MMR SSA UNFPA WID Body Mass Index Beijing Platform for Action Convention on Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women Central Statistical Authority Demographic and Health Survey Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Focus Group Discussion Female Genital Mutilation Gender and Development Gross Enrolment Ratio Gender Parity
References: Introduction Gender can be defined as a set of characteristics, roles, and behaviour patterns that distinguish women from men socially and culturally and relations of power between them (Women Information Centre, 2005)