General Psychology Preliminary Notes
Psychology- study of the human mind or animal behavior.
History: Psyche: “soul/mind”
Logos: “study”
*Behaviorists are interested in overt behavior
*cognitivists: believes not all behaviors are seen.
Eras:
-Traditional -superstitions
-Ancient Greek Philosopher’s Period- assumptions that are not verified from reality. (Socrates,Plato,Aristotle,Democritus,Galen)
-Medieval Period(St. Thomas,St. Augustine)
-Pre-Modern- Psychology is not yet a science.
-Modern- Wilhelm Wundt(1879) – father of psychology,established a lab @ Leipzig,Germany
SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT: 1.) Structuralism – focused in exploring the individual element of consciousness.
Founder -Wundt (1832-1920)
SUBJECT MATTER: atoms of unconscious experience;knowledge of how the atoms combine to create our experience.
Methods: introspection as the tool for data gathering * Edward Titchner transferred Wundt’s idea to America; structuralism ended with his death.
ELEMENTS OF CONSCIOUSNESS: a.) Sensation b.) Intelligence c.) Creativity 2.) Functionalism- how our consciousness function to adapt in the environment. * William James – founder * Concepts: consciousness can’t be divided; it is personal and always changing.
Methods: introspection,use of measurement for recording,objective manifestation of the mind,study of creation and products,study of anatomy and physiology. 3.) Cognitive Psychology-refers to an information processing view of an individual’s psychological functions.
Jean Piaget – made stages to cognitive development. * Developed an interest in the intellectual development of children
STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:
a.) sensorimotor
b.) pre-operational
c.) concrete operational
d.) formal operational 4.) Behaviourism – all behaviors are influenced by the environment
Methods:
a.) Classical – a technique wherein a naturally occurring stimulus is paired with a response. b.) Operant conditioning – reward and punishment; changing of
History: Psyche: “soul/mind”
Logos: “study”
*Behaviorists are interested in overt behavior
*cognitivists: believes not all behaviors are seen.
Eras:
-Traditional -superstitions
-Ancient Greek Philosopher’s Period- assumptions that are not verified from reality. (Socrates,Plato,Aristotle,Democritus,Galen)
-Medieval Period(St. Thomas,St. Augustine)
-Pre-Modern- Psychology is not yet a science.
-Modern- Wilhelm Wundt(1879) – father of psychology,established a lab @ Leipzig,Germany
SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT: 1.) Structuralism – focused in exploring the individual element of consciousness.
Founder -Wundt (1832-1920)
SUBJECT MATTER: atoms of unconscious experience;knowledge of how the atoms combine to create our experience.
Methods: introspection as the tool for data gathering * Edward Titchner transferred Wundt’s idea to America; structuralism ended with his death.
ELEMENTS OF CONSCIOUSNESS: a.) Sensation b.) Intelligence c.) Creativity 2.) Functionalism- how our consciousness function to adapt in the environment. * William James – founder * Concepts: consciousness can’t be divided; it is personal and always changing.
Methods: introspection,use of measurement for recording,objective manifestation of the mind,study of creation and products,study of anatomy and physiology. 3.) Cognitive Psychology-refers to an information processing view of an individual’s psychological functions.
Jean Piaget – made stages to cognitive development. * Developed an interest in the intellectual development of children
STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:
a.) sensorimotor
b.) pre-operational
c.) concrete operational
d.) formal operational 4.) Behaviourism – all behaviors are influenced by the environment
Methods:
a.) Classical – a technique wherein a naturally occurring stimulus is paired with a response. b.) Operant conditioning – reward and punishment; changing of