Genes Review
Genes Review
1) Selective breeding – chosen based on what can be seen and detected (favourable phenotype) Genetic engineering – selected based on genes
2) - DNA are found in nucleus (where most DNA are found), mitochondria, chloroplast
3) - Translation requires ribosome, mRNA, tRNA (anticodon) and amino acids - DNA template, polymerase for transcription
4) Mitosis generates daughter cells that are identical Meiosis – homologous recombination
5) DNA coding sequence: 5` GGGCCCTTTAAA 3` DNA template: 5` TTTAAAGGGCCC 3` 6) Insertion - Additional A (shifting the reading frame of codon)
7) Kevin is a carrier of the disease (heterozygous), wife (homozygous dominant allele). Therefore, 50% of offsprings are carriers and 50% are normal.
8) Cannot predict Kevin’s brother unless information on parents’ genotypes is available
9) Kevin possesses one wildtype counterpart, thus, no cancer Wild type protein T is fully suppressed (recessive)
10) Nucleotides (basic building blocks) < DNA < Chromosome < nucleus < cell < tissue
11) Non-template/coding/sense/inactive strand (no transcription needed)
5’…ATATGCCTATAAA…3’ , mRNA 5` …AUAUGCCUAUAAA…3` (start codon)
12) Erwin Chargaff (NOT WATSON AND CRICK)
13) Organization of DNA : - Viral genomes are very compact and can utilize overlapping frames for synthesis of different proteins - Human genome mainly consists of non-coding sequences - Histones are found in eukaryotic chromosomes only
14) Function and structure of protein may or maybe not change in the event of a substitution (look at the table)
15) Differences between DNA and RNA: one of the pyrimidine base is different sugar is different (DNA – deoxyribose sugar, RNA – ribo sugar)
16) During DNA replication, template/non-coding strands are read from 3` to 5` , synthesized strand grows from 5’ to 3’ (anti-parallel)
17) Characteristics of human cells
All gamete cells are haploid
1) Selective breeding – chosen based on what can be seen and detected (favourable phenotype) Genetic engineering – selected based on genes
2) - DNA are found in nucleus (where most DNA are found), mitochondria, chloroplast
3) - Translation requires ribosome, mRNA, tRNA (anticodon) and amino acids - DNA template, polymerase for transcription
4) Mitosis generates daughter cells that are identical Meiosis – homologous recombination
5) DNA coding sequence: 5` GGGCCCTTTAAA 3` DNA template: 5` TTTAAAGGGCCC 3` 6) Insertion - Additional A (shifting the reading frame of codon)
7) Kevin is a carrier of the disease (heterozygous), wife (homozygous dominant allele). Therefore, 50% of offsprings are carriers and 50% are normal.
8) Cannot predict Kevin’s brother unless information on parents’ genotypes is available
9) Kevin possesses one wildtype counterpart, thus, no cancer Wild type protein T is fully suppressed (recessive)
10) Nucleotides (basic building blocks) < DNA < Chromosome < nucleus < cell < tissue
11) Non-template/coding/sense/inactive strand (no transcription needed)
5’…ATATGCCTATAAA…3’ , mRNA 5` …AUAUGCCUAUAAA…3` (start codon)
12) Erwin Chargaff (NOT WATSON AND CRICK)
13) Organization of DNA : - Viral genomes are very compact and can utilize overlapping frames for synthesis of different proteins - Human genome mainly consists of non-coding sequences - Histones are found in eukaryotic chromosomes only
14) Function and structure of protein may or maybe not change in the event of a substitution (look at the table)
15) Differences between DNA and RNA: one of the pyrimidine base is different sugar is different (DNA – deoxyribose sugar, RNA – ribo sugar)
16) During DNA replication, template/non-coding strands are read from 3` to 5` , synthesized strand grows from 5’ to 3’ (anti-parallel)
17) Characteristics of human cells
All gamete cells are haploid