Preview

genetic engineering

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3114 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
genetic engineering
1. Rosenburg N, Jolicoeur P: Retroviral pathogenesis. In In Retroviruses. Edited by Coffin JM, Hughes SH, Varmus HE. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1997::475-586.
2. Nowinski RC, Hays EF: Oncogenicity of AKR endogenous leukemia viruses.
J Virol 1978, 27:13-18. PubMed Abstract | PubMed Central Full Text
3. Cloyd MW, Hartley JW, Rowe WP: Lymphomagenicity of recombinant mink cell focus-inducing murine leukemia viruses.
J Exp Med 1980, 151:542-552. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
4. Rowe WP, Cloyd MW, Hartley JW: Status of the association of mink cell focus-forming viruses with leukemogenesis.
Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 1980, 44:1265-1268. PubMed Abstract
5. Lenz J, Crowther R, Klimenko S, Haseltine W: Molecular cloning of a highly leukemogenic, ecotropic retrovirus from an AKR mouse.
J Virol 1982, 43:943-951. PubMed Abstract | PubMed Central Full Text
6. Meiering CD, Linial ML: Historical perspective of foamy virus epidemiology and infection.
Clin Micro Rev 2001, 14:165-176. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text |PubMed Central Full Text
7. Diop OM, Gueye A, Dias-Tavares M, Kornfeld C, Faye A, Ave P, Huerre M, Corbet S, Barre-Sinoussi F, Müller-Trutwin MC: High levels of viral replication during primary simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm infection are rapidly and strongly controlled in African green monkeys.
J Virol 2000, 74:7538-7547. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text |PubMed Central Full Text
8. Boeke JD, Stoye JP: Retrotransposons, endogenous retroviruses and the evolution of retroelements. In In Retroviruses. Edited by Coffin JM, Hughes SH, Varmus HE. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1997::343-436.
9. Frank EK, Yuan HEH, Luban J: Specific incorporation of cyclophilin A into HIV-1 virions.
Nature 1994, 372:359-362. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
10. von Schwedler UK, Stuchell M, Muller B, Ward DM, Chung HY, Morita E, Wang HE, Davis T, He GP, Cimbora DM, Scott A, Krausslich HG, Kaplan J, Morham SG,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Biology Case Study

    • 732 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Second, in order to further confirm the information about characteristics and function of the targeting protein that we have obtained from the bioinformatics database, we can actually introduce the virus into the cell, comparing it with a non-infected cell. SDS-PAGE or 2-dimentional electrophoresis can be used to detect the differences between the two: targeting proteins will exist in the non-infected cell but will not exist in the infected cell. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis will separate proteins on the basis of charge and mass.…

    • 732 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Immune System and Answer

    • 1227 Words
    • 5 Pages

    B) body cell becomes infected with a virus → synthesis of new viral proteins → class I MHC molecule-antigen complex displayed on cell surface…

    • 1227 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Hot Zone

    • 756 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Richard Preston’s Hot Zone is a horrific narration of the origin of filoviruses and their encounter with humans. These viruses include Marburg virus (MARV), Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan virus (SUDV). They are also known as Biosafety Level 4 agents because they are extremely dangerous to humans and have no treatments or cure.…

    • 756 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Myc- Project

    • 508 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Among these are the translocations involving c-mycand the immunoglobulin loci that occur in a high percentage of human Burkitt's lymphoma, AIDS-associated lymphomas, and certain acute lymphoblastic leukemias, resulting in deregulated expression of c-myc…

    • 508 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 1 Assignment 1

    • 7619 Words
    • 31 Pages

    Following the discovery, the first test for HIV was approved in 1985. Over the years, medications to combat the virus were developed as well as medicine to prevent infection all without a successful result. HIV/AIDS remain one of the greatest health and social problem threatening humanity. The basic biology of the virus from inside out include RNA which contains all of its genetic information, a key enzymes it uses to replicates (reverse transcriptase) and a binding proteins that allow it to binds to human cell, (USAID,2007).…

    • 7619 Words
    • 31 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Hiv Aids Dbq

    • 1628 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Robert Gallo and his colleagues had isolated the retrovirus HTLV-III and a diagnostic blood test was well into development. Less than a year later, FDA licenses HIV blood tests for sale (CDC).This was a momentous achievement; in such a short time the scientific community had persevered against this faceless, mysterious threat and were making progress. Prior to this, the scientific community saw viral infections as impossible to treat, and not serious enough to finance thorough research for a cure (Zurger). “Immunologists now have a far better understanding of the primary immune cells called T-lymphocytes that the virus particularly strikes [...] and the complex links between cancer, immunity and infection have also been cemented by findings in H.I.V.-infected people” (Zurger). The field of retrovirology was born; scientists were able to gain from the massive inflow of data collected over the next years how retroviruses alter the DNA of their host cells, how they evade immune detection, and were able to draw parallels between the spread of cancer and and spread of HIV infection. This provided the necessary context for inferences on the bases for RNA genetic code, sparking research that was able to assess and explain the function of reverse transcriptase (Broder). In 1985, the first treatment for HIV/AIDS, Zidovudine (commonly referred to as AZT), was sold and several wellness programs…

    • 1628 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that affects the human immune system and leads to a stat makes the patient unable to fight against diseases and so opportunistic diseases such Tuberculosis and others affect the individual (Worthington et al., 2010). HIV/AIDS was first realized in 1981 by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and is believed to have originated from West-Central Africa. HIV/AIDS has been termed as one of the greatest causes of death in the global society (Gibbs, 2010). The virus is spread when body fluids of a victim gets into contact with the body fluids of another person. Due to the nature of the disease, even unsuspecting individuals such as patients undergoing blood transfusion, unborn babies and others can become victims. HIV is primarily spread through sexual intercourse without any form of protection (Ford et al., 2007; Gardezi et al., 2008).…

    • 2063 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    Herpes Simplex Virus

    • 3306 Words
    • 14 Pages

    Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is widespread and causes significant disease in humans. The structure, epidemiology, pathogensis and immune response are examined in this review, as well as specific ways to reduce and eliminate pathology and related diseases. The virus naturally infects mucosal areas and begins the search for its target host cell. Upon binding to the host cell membrane via teams of glycoproteins, the virion is then phagocytosed. Soon the nucleus is seized and all regular host cell mechanisms are shut off. Replication of HSV-1 is specific encoding immediate early, early and late genes. Once the virus replication process is complete the virus exits epithelial cells near the site of infection through a process known as cell lysis. Sensory neurons are the specific target of HSV-1, where it can then travel to the trigeminal ganglia (TG) stoma via neuronal microtubular networks. Both innate and adaptive immune systems respond to the infection with various antibodies, interleukins and interferons. Once the virion reaches the nervous system, the immune responses are unable to detect it although they try to contain it as best they can. HSV-1 enters a latent stage, usually via latent associated transcripts, not causing pathogenesis but unable to fight off by means of the host immune system. Following a stressful situation or similarly UV activation, HSV-1 travels back down nerve fibers to re-infect cells near the original site of infection. This process is known to continue throughout the lifespan of the infected individual, normally without fatalities. When the host immune response is unable to contain the virus in the TG, several associated diseases such as encephalitis and keratits result. Genes involved with virus replication and host genes, to eliminate the virus, have been maneuvered to cause reverse effects and are currently…

    • 3306 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Chain of Infection

    • 802 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Incubation periods are often lengthy (4-8 weeks). Symptoms include extreme fatigue, sore throat, high fever, weight loss, and often pharyngeal inflammation. Symptoms usually persist for 2-3 weeks, occasionally even longer. Fatigue symptoms often persist even longer. Infections are often likely to be permanent,…

    • 802 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    biology current event

    • 401 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Scientists carried out experiments on human cells in the lab, introducing the virus to two different cell lines and observed the effects. In one cell line the MX2 gene was 'switched on', and in the other it was not. They saw that in the cells where MX2 was not ‘switched on’ , the virus spread. In the cells where the MX2 gene were ‘switched on’, the virus was not able to spread and no new viruses were found or produced.…

    • 401 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    the same disease in an animal population quite rapidly caused the viruses to combine, creating…

    • 922 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Safe Sex No Regrets Campaign

    • 2769 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Chen et al (2011, September). BMC Medicine. Retrieved April 23, 2013, from Biomedical Central: http://biomedicalcentral.com/1741-7015/9/11…

    • 2769 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cultural Differences

    • 5851 Words
    • 24 Pages

    Gallo, Robert. (2001). Virus Hunting: AIDS, Cancer, and the Human Retrovirus : a Story of Scientific Discovery. Basic Books.…

    • 5851 Words
    • 24 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Tobacco Mosaic Virus

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The sgRNAs are translated by the host ribosomes to produce the movement protein (MP) (30 kDa) and the coat protein (CP). These virus particles are very stable and, at some point when the cells are broken or the leaf dries up, they are released to infect new plants. Alternatively, the + sense TMV RNA is wrapped in a movement protein, and this can infect adjacent cells.…

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aids Vaccine 1

    • 665 Words
    • 3 Pages

    There have been recent developments from scientists at Oregon Health & Science University in developing an AIDS vaccine in Rhesus monkeys. The scientists discuss cytomegalovirus, or CMV,…

    • 665 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics