the American foreign policy.
the American foreign policy.
Compare and contrast American’s anticommunist containment policy in Europe and in East Asia. Why was the policy more successful in Europe than in…
In the chapter 25, since America ended the World War II after they dropped the atomic bomb in Japanese continent, America confronted the communist, especially Soviet from 1946 to 1952. Through this confrontation between America and Soviet, the cold war begun around the world. Since the Soviets tried to reinforce opposing goals that were against American vision in Eastern Europe, the Soviets forced pressured Eastern Europe to make communism. However, fortunately, the Truman Doctrine helped those nations to stop being communism, and the Marshall Plan made the Truman Doctrine extended to all of Europe. In 1948, the cold war tension was accelerated by the Berlin Blockade. The soviet wanted West Germany to abandon the western part, but since the Berlin Airlift was succeeded, it brought huge victory for the U.S. In 1949, NATO was built to protect Western Europe from communism. In 1947, the United States legislated the National Security Act to prevent the communism all over the world. On the one hand, the U.S also tried to expand some interests in Latin America. Through the Rio Pact in 1947, Latin Americans got collective security from America. Since America didn’t have much oil for…
During 1950, in an effort to reduce the military budget, President Eisenhower created the “New Look” Policy as a way to maintain security against the Soviet Union. He developed the “New Look” Military in order to intensify containment and deter the expansion of Communism. Although this was his intention, a closer examination shows that this policy during the Cold War was only successful in reducing military spending and did not contain the spread of Communism to other countries. President Eisenhower urgently wanted to strengthen the containment policies laid out by George Kannan and the NSC-68. One of his main goals was to use the threat of nuclear retaliation to discourage Communism.…
In 1947, George Kennan came up with an attempt of foreign policy, an approach to international relations to reduce the spread of communism. He wanted to make sure we keep communism within borders and stop the spread of communism. He stated that to contain the spread of communism, it would need to stay within the borders. This was a post-war attempt against the allies of the Soviet Union. This was a different option from a third world war or appeasement which was containment.…
George Kennan in his efforts of containment, meant he was trying to keep the Communist all in one spot, while doing this he figured that keeping all the communism in one spot would make the Communist eventually die. With this being said, many others tried to stop the spread as well, like, President Truman, with his Truman Doctrine, and George Marshal with is Marshall Plan. All of these plans were to stop the spread of communist. George Kennan's Containment was a component of the Cold War, it was a response to many moves from the Soviet Union to expand the Communist community. The United States feared the takeover of Greece would threaten the stability of Italy, France, and the Middle East.…
11. What is containment?: Taking measures to prevent extension of communist rule to other countries.…
The years following World War II were a time of economic boon and prosperity for most Americans. At the same time, the Iron Curtain was firmly in place, the cold war was heating up, and the fear that communism would take over the world like a zombie apocalypse was almost palpable. In international politics during the post-war years the United States sought to establish itself as the leader of the free world. We no longer took the isolationism position that had been established as far back as George Washington and generally maintained until December 7, 1941.We began to consider ourselves the “world’s policemen”.…
Kennan wrote an 8,000-word telegram to the state Department about the threat of the roots of Soviet policy and the difficulties that will occur in the future with the Soviet Union. Kennan stated his concern by writing, "At bottom of Kremlin's neurotic view of world affairs is traditional and instinctive Russian sense of insecurity...[T]hey have learned to seek security only in patient but deadly struggle for total destruction of rival power, never in compacts and compromises with it" (George E Kennan, The Long Telegram, 1946 Document D). Kennan saw the truth about the Soviet Union which was that they are a dangerous power and if they do not get it their way they will use force to get it. Someone with enormous power and little patience is an exceedingly hard opponent to beat. Kennan described this struggle this way in his telegram by writing, "if Soviet power is to be secure... Problem of how to cope with this force [is] undoubtedly greatest task our diplomacy has ever faced and probably greatest it will ever have to face" (George E Kennan, The Long Telegram, 1946 Document D). The US saved the world from a global communist revolution. The Soviet Union is dangerous and the United States handled the situation with the correct…
Union. All they could muster were relatively hollow threats on an ad hoc basis. It was an approach US Secretary of Defense James Forrestal complained was ‘a patchwork job’. Having formally adopted the concept of the ‘containment’ of Soviet Communism in late November 1948, most policymakers within the Truman administration simply assumed, or perhaps hoped is a better word, that the American atomic monopoly would somehow intimidate the Soviets from breaches of the peace for fear of precipitating an all-out war.…
George Kennan, our top diplomat who was stationed in Moscow, informed us that the Soviets have no desire to coexisting with capitalist countries, and that the triumph of communism was inevitable. The containment policy is based on Kennan’s analysis that “long-range policies” will provide a chance of halting “Russian expansive tendencies.” Truman, under his doctrine, stated that the US should give support to countries or people threatened by Soviet forces or communist uprisings. For example, the doctrine was used to give aid to Greece and Turkey, who were next on the Soviets list. The Marshall Plan also helped in providing European nations with financial aid as a way of recovering from…
The SU continue to believe that the intent of Capitalist forces is antagonistic to the SU. Kennan warns the United States (US) about the Kremlin’s unreliable foreign policy, that it is re-prioritised for tactical purposes. He argues that the US-SU relationship will remain a long-term struggle due to the contemporary Soviet outlook. The ideological corruption of the Kremlin has a resulted in indisputable approval of thesis that Soviet leadership find beneficial, resulting in a highly centralised power structure. Kennan believes the SU operate by placing consistent pressure towards achieving their desired goal (rather than specifying a time to have it completed). Therefore, Kennan recommends a policy of “containment” towards the SU. US should appear a successful and composed nation, as the Russian psyche is quick to abuse any sign of weakness.…
“I believe to we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way”-Truman For Containment (Truman 36). While all the Cold War presidents had their issues, Truman and Eisenhower favored containment to attempt the stop of communism and Kennedy favored flexible response as an attempt. “I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and order political processes” (Truman 37). This explained Truman as well for using containment. The Cold War is high United States and Soviet Union tension (Ayers 817). This war was an example of brinkmanship, which is a war, but a war without violence (Ayers 850). Pretty much a verbal…
Map: Two Worlds Circa 1960 1) Including the Soviet Union, list two countries in the communist…
The orthodox view of the Cold War elucidates its inevitability due to the great ideological differences that existed between the Soviet Union and United States. On the other hand, the revisionists argued that it happened due to the actions that Soviets took and the consequential responses made by the United States as a result of their inflexible, single-sided interpretations of Soviet action. Yet, even with the backdrop of the early Bolshevik conflict in 1918 as well as the great ideological gulf between the Soviet Union and United states, the cold war could have been avoided in its initial stages under President Roosevelt. However, what really determined it was the series of events that occurred after Roosevelt was succeeded by Truman. The inevitability of the Cold War, at its roots, was due to Soviet aggression and attitudes felt by the United States which was exacerbated from the post war climate of the time. To be precise, it was a combination of the subsequent events that followed Truman’s accession that sealed the unavoidability of the Cold War. American diplomatic policies were dictated by their fears of communism as well as opportunities that arise from modern warfare which aided in the evolution of American foreign policies. In the end, the Cold War was inevitable as a result of the conflict of interest between nations, whether it be the ideological gulf between communism and capitalism or the determining the political future of Eastern Europe, which was ultimately fuelled by the unstable post World War II environment.…
The collapse of the USSR refers to the process of a gradual loss of legitimacy and appeal of the communist ideology and the CPSU since 1985 culminating in the disintegration of the USSR Empire from 1989 and the eventual dissolution of the USSR in December 1991. While “internal problems” refer to the inefficiencies of the Soviet command economy which stemmed from poor resource allocation, an overemphasis on quantity instead of quality and an over-commitment to defence and military build-up. It also refers to the policies implaced by Gorbachev of Perestroika, Glasnost and New thinking and how the subsequent backlash of these policies led to the USSR’s downfall. This question hence asserts that the primary and only reason for the collapse of the USSR was caused due to these internal problems and cold war aggression such as the Reagan doctrine, the containment policy had no part to play with it’s collapse. However, this assertion in itself is myopic and fails to take into account the impact cold war politics such as the containment policy and the Reagan doctrine had on the USSR. Hence, this essay will argue that while the collapse of the cold war was caused by internal problems, such as the inefficiency of the command economy which was a fundamental factor and the implementation of Gorbachev’s policies, a catalyst, cold war politics also played an important role, with the Containment policy as a foundational factor and the Reagan doctrine as a catalyst.…