Getulio Vargas's Role In The Formation Of Provisional Government

Getulio Vargas was the most expressive character of the Brazilian Republic.
He was born in the city of São Borja, Rio Grande do Sul, on April 19th 1882. He attended military schools as a youth, but majored in Laws in 1907. He was raised by a traditional family in a rural area. Vargas ruled as dictator (1930-34), congressionally elected president (1934-37), and again dictator (1937-45). Vargas assumed largely dictatorial powers, ruling most of that time without a congress. He held sole power as provisional president from Nov. 3, 1930, until July 17, 1934, when he was elected president by the constituent assembly. Since Vargas ruled as a dictator there were no national elections between 1930 and 1945. Vargas was brought to power by political outsiders in the Revolution of 1930 and the economic crisis also serves as backdrop when Vargas assumed the leadership of the provisional government in 1930.
After the Wall Street crashed in 1929, the coffee elites were able to dominate national politics because they were the chief earners of foreign exchange.
The crash led to collapse of world demand for coffee, unemployment rises, and imported goods become much more expensive. Brazil faced many economic issues, people were being fired constantly from their jobs, and there was still no sign of improvements on the working conditions, and education. By the presidential elections of 1930 the social economic conditions of the country made the alliance unworkable. When the election took place a new figure emerged to challenge the alliance Getulio Vargas, governor of Rio Grande do Sul, He lost the election and when violence and public disturbances occurred, the military deposed the elected president and installed Vargas as provisional
president. Vargas gained and retained the support of the urban workers by gave workers a number of benefits including higher wages for workers, better working conditions, job security, educational opportunities, health protection & subsidized housing. Vargas came up with welfare programs addressing social needs and he negotiated economic aid from the U.S, so he became popular with Brazilian urban workers. His followers called him "Father of the poor" because of all the changes he made to help the urban workers. The main reasons for opposition to Vargas were mostly because of his economic plans. He attempted to reform the coffee industry, because he envisioned the country as one independent and free from United State's aid. Vargas wanted to remove total control of the coffee industry and make it a more concentrated power, without selfish motives. This economic plans and others angered the coffee planters who thrived off their control, so they set up many rebellions to remove Vargas from power. Vargas proclaimed the establishment of a Estado Novo plan, a new regimen that sought intervention in economic rapprochement with Germany and Italy to open up new markets for Brazil and to strengthen his relationship with United Sates. The five plan to expand heavy industry, develop hydroelectric power and railway network. Also in this plan was the foreign investment in stock companies by a forty four percent of the total investment. Many interests group demanded an end to Vargas' dictatorship as World War II draws to a close. Many Brazilians were calling for a return of democracy and for the president election in 1945, Vargas announced that he will not run for president.