The empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai all thrived in western Africa. They were in a fertile area of Africa, south of the Sahara Desert, near the Niger River.
Ghana existed from around 300 A.D. until around 1100 A.D by 800 A.D., controlled much of the trading in West Africa gold and salt were the two most important goods traded by Ghana attacks by the Almoravids in 1076 led to the decline of the Ghana Empire
Mali
gained control of the West Africa trade routes after the fall of Ghana was in power from the 1200s until the 1400s was the source for almost half of the world's gold during the 14th century traded gold for salt history and traditions were passed down through storytelling. a pilgrimage to Mecca led by Mansa Musa made