GIZMO 4 ANNA TRAN
Name: Anna Tran Date: August 7, 2015
Student Exploration: Building DNA
Vocabulary: double helix, DNA, enzyme, mutation, nitrogenous base, nucleoside, nucleotide, replication
Gizmo Warm-up
The Building DNA Gizmo™ allows you to construct a DNA molecule and go through the process of DNA replication. Examine the components that make up a DNA molecule.
1. What are the two DNA components shown in the Gizmo?
Nucleosides and phosphates
2. A nucleoside has two parts: a pentagonal sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base (in color). When a nucleoside is joined to a phosphate, it is called a nucleotide.
How many different nitrogenous bases do you see? 8
Note: The names of these nitrogenous bases are adenine (red), cytosine (yellow), guanine (blue), and thymine (green).
Activity A:
Build a DNA molecule
Get the Gizmo ready:
If necessary, click Reset to start the building process.
Question: What is the structure of DNA?
1. Build: Follow the steps given in the Gizmo to construct a molecule of DNA. (Note: For simplicity, this DNA molecule is shown in two dimensions, without the twist.)
Stop when the hint reads: “The DNA molecule is complete.” In the spaces at right, list the sequence of nitrogenous bases on the left-hand side of the DNA molecule and the right-hand side.
[2 INQ]
Left
Right
T
A
A
T
C
G
G
C
A
T
T
A
C
G
G
C
2. Explain: Describe the structure of the DNA molecule you made. [2 INQ]
A. What makes up the sides of the DNA molecule? Phosphates and deoxyribose sugar
B. What makes up the “rungs” of the DNA molecule? Pairs of nitrogenous bases (AT, GC)
3. Fill in: Write the name of the nitrogenous base that joins to each of the bases below:
Adenine (A) joins to Thymine (T) Thymine (T) joins to Adenine (A)
Cytosine (C) joins to Guanine (G) Guanine (G) joins to Cytosine (C) [2 INQ]
4. Practice: The left side of a DNA molecule is shown. STATE the complementary right side of the molecule:
[2 INQ]
A
G
T
A
C
T
C
G
Activity B:
DNA
Student Exploration: Building DNA
Vocabulary: double helix, DNA, enzyme, mutation, nitrogenous base, nucleoside, nucleotide, replication
Gizmo Warm-up
The Building DNA Gizmo™ allows you to construct a DNA molecule and go through the process of DNA replication. Examine the components that make up a DNA molecule.
1. What are the two DNA components shown in the Gizmo?
Nucleosides and phosphates
2. A nucleoside has two parts: a pentagonal sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base (in color). When a nucleoside is joined to a phosphate, it is called a nucleotide.
How many different nitrogenous bases do you see? 8
Note: The names of these nitrogenous bases are adenine (red), cytosine (yellow), guanine (blue), and thymine (green).
Activity A:
Build a DNA molecule
Get the Gizmo ready:
If necessary, click Reset to start the building process.
Question: What is the structure of DNA?
1. Build: Follow the steps given in the Gizmo to construct a molecule of DNA. (Note: For simplicity, this DNA molecule is shown in two dimensions, without the twist.)
Stop when the hint reads: “The DNA molecule is complete.” In the spaces at right, list the sequence of nitrogenous bases on the left-hand side of the DNA molecule and the right-hand side.
[2 INQ]
Left
Right
T
A
A
T
C
G
G
C
A
T
T
A
C
G
G
C
2. Explain: Describe the structure of the DNA molecule you made. [2 INQ]
A. What makes up the sides of the DNA molecule? Phosphates and deoxyribose sugar
B. What makes up the “rungs” of the DNA molecule? Pairs of nitrogenous bases (AT, GC)
3. Fill in: Write the name of the nitrogenous base that joins to each of the bases below:
Adenine (A) joins to Thymine (T) Thymine (T) joins to Adenine (A)
Cytosine (C) joins to Guanine (G) Guanine (G) joins to Cytosine (C) [2 INQ]
4. Practice: The left side of a DNA molecule is shown. STATE the complementary right side of the molecule:
[2 INQ]
A
G
T
A
C
T
C
G
Activity B:
DNA