Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases

Greenhouse Effect
A Research Paper Submitted to
Mr. Benedict M Geron
Department of English

Our Lady of Caysasay Academy
Taal, Batangas

In Partial Fullfillment
Of Requirements in
English and Communication Arts IV

Submitted by:
Joerene Angelo Aparri

2013

Table of Contents : Pages
I.Introduction 1
II.History 2
III.Description 6 A. Literal Description
IV. Greenhouse Effect 11 A.Gases in the Earth’s Atmosphere 1. Greenehouse gases 2.Non-greenhouse gases 3.Indirect radiative Effect 4.Contributions of cloud to earth’s atmosphere B.Impact of a given gas on overall greenhouse effect 1. Proportion of direct Effects at a given moment 2.Atmosphere lifetime 3.Radiative forcing 4.Global Warming Potential C.Effects of Greenhouse Effects D. Causes of Greenhouse Effect E.Actions to respond to Global Warming
V.Pioneer of the Science oof Greenhouse Effect 25
VI.Advantages 27
VII.Disadvantages 28
VIII.Conclusion 29

I.Introduction

Greenhouse Effect this topic interest me most because I would like to know what is happening to the Earth’s temperature and what are the causes, effect and on how to prevent it. As I do my research paper many things I discover on this topic. It also open my mind to love, to care, and to preserve our natural resources. As I do my research on this topic it is our duty and respondsibility to have a knowledge on whats going on on our mother Earth. Greenhouse effect are gases that are trapped on our atmosphere that that cause warming. This greenhouses gases is produce by us. This gases are made up of fossil fuels, gasoline, trahes that are being burned, factories and etc. If we don’t stop this who is the one who will take care of our natural resources? Where we will live if our mother Earth is dying? We should help each one of us to preserve out Mother Earth. That’s the reason why I love and interest this topic to a learning on how to save our nature.

II.History

Svante Arrhenius was a Swedish scientist that was first to claim in 1896 that fossil fuels combustion may eventually result in enhanced global warming. He proposed a relation between atmospheric carbon dioxide caoncentration and temperature. He found that the average of temperature of the earth is about 150 C because of the infrared absorbtion capacity of water vapor and carbon dioxide. This is called the natural greenhouse gases. Arrhenenius suggested a doubling CO2 concentration would lead to a 50 C temperature rise. Arrhenius and thomas Chamberlin calculated that human activities could warm the Earth by adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. This research was a by-product of research of whether carbon dioxide would explain the causes of the great Ice Ages.

After the discoveries of Arrhenius and Chamberli n the topic was forgotten for very long time. At that time it was thought that human influences were ingnificent compared to the forces, such solar activity and ocean circulation. It was also believed that the oceans were such great carbon sinks that they would automatically cancel out our pollution. Water vapor was seen much more influence greenhouse gas.

In the 1940’ s there were developments in infrared spectrocopy for measuring long wave radiation. At that time it was proven that increasing the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide resulted in more absorption of infrared radiation. It was also discovered that the water vapor absorbed totally different types of radiation than carbon dioxide. Gilbert Plass summarized these result in 1955. He concluded that adding more carbon dioxidee to the atmosphere would intercept infrared radiation that is other wise lost to space, warming the Earth.

The argument that the oceans would absorb most carbon dioxide was still intact. However, in 1950’s evidence was found that carbon dioxidehas an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 10 years. Moreover, it was not yet known that would happen to a carbon dioxide molecule after it would eventually dissolve in the ocean.

In the 1980’s,finally the global annual mean temperature cuuve started to rise. People began to question the theory of an oncomming ice age. In the late 1980’s the curve began to increase so steeply yhat the global warming theory began to win terrain fast.Environmental NGO’s Started to advocate the global environmental protections to prevent further global warming. The pass also gain interest in global warming. It soon became a hot flood events. A complete media circus evolved that convince many people we are on the edge of a significant climate changes. That many negative impacts on our world today. Stephen Schneider had first predicted global warming in 1976. This made him one of the worlds leading global warming experts.

In the 1988 it was finally acknowledge that climate was warmer than any period since 1988. The greenhouse effect theory was named at intergovernmental panel of climate(IPCCC) Was found by the United States, United Nations Environmental Programme and the World Meteorological Organization. This Organization triesto predict the impactof the greenhouse effect according to the existing climate models and literature information. The Panel consist of more than 2500 scientific and technical experts from more than 60 countries all over the world. The scientist are from widely divergent research fields including climatology, exology, econimics, medicine, and oceanography. The IPCC is referred to as a largest peer-reviewed scientific coorporation prohect history. The IPCC released climate change reports in 1992 and 1996, and the latest revised version in 2001.

In the 1990’s scientist started to question the greenhouse efffect theory, beacause of major uncertainties in the data sets and models outcome. They protested the basis of the thoery, which was the data of global annual mean temperatures. They believed that the measurements was not carrieout correctly and that data from the ocedans was missing. Cooling treand were not explained by the global warming data and satellites showed completly different temperature records from the initial ones. The idea began to grow that global warming models had over estimadted the warming treand of the past 100 years. This caused the IPCC to review to thier initial data on global warming, but this did not make them reconsider whether the trend actually exist. We know that 1988 was globally the warmest year on record , followed by 2002, 2003, 2001 and 1997.

III. Description A.Literal Description

Greenhouse gases are relatively trasparent to incoming solar radiation but opaque to certain wavelenghts of infrared radiation. The term relatively transparent is used because all greenhouses are absorbing far. Ultraviolet radiation. The term relatively transparent is used became all greenhouse gases absorb far. Ultra violet radiation which is a trivial fraction of incoming solar radiation. In addition ozone strongly absorbs UV-B and UV-C radiation and weakly absorbs visible radiation. Water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb solar near-IR radiation. However gases affect only a fraction of total solar radiation incident at the top of the earth Atmosphere. The natural greenhouse effect is the warming of the Earth`s atmosphere due to the presence of background greenhouse gases, primily water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide and methyl chloride. The natural greenhouse effect is responsible for about 33k of the Earth`s average near-surface air temperature of 288k. Without the natural greenhouse effect, Earth`s average near surface temperature would be about 255k. Which is to cold to support most life, the presence of natural greenhouse gases is beneficial. Anthropogenic emission`s have increased the mixing ratios of greenhouse gases and particulate black carbon, causing global warming. Where as greenhouse gases transmit solar radiation and absorb thermal infrared radiation. Black carbon strongly absorbs solar radiation and weakly absorb thermal- IR radiation greenhouse gases and particulate Black carbon both warm the air but by different mechanisms. Global warming is the increase in the Earth`s temperature above the natural greenhouse effect temperature as a result of the emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases and black carbon.

The most inportant greenhouse gas is water vapor, which accounts for approximately 89 percent of the 33k temperature increase resulting from natural greenhouse warming. Carbon dioxide is the second most important and abundant greenhouse gas, accounting for about 7.5 percent of the natural greenhouse effect. Black carbon, whose major natural source is natural forest fires, is estimated to be responsible for only 0.2 percent of the Earth`s natural warming above it`s equilibruim temperature.

The warming provided by the present- day greenhouse effect is essential for keeping the average surface temperature of Earth above the freezing point of water but as recognized by Sayan and Mullen. This amount of warming would not have been sufficient to have kept the surface temperatures above Freezing if solar radiation had been lowe by more than -10%.

The earth is warmed by radiant energy from the Sun. Over time the amount of energy transmitted to the Earth`s surface is equal to the amount of energy retradiated back into space in the form of infrared radiation and the temperature of the Earht`s surface stays roughly constant however the temperature of the earth`s surface is strongly influenced by the existence, density and composition of its atmosphere many gases in the Earth`s athmosphere. Absorb infrared radiation re-radiated from the surface of the earth trapping heat ing the lower atmosphere. Without the natural greenhouse effect it is likely that the average temperature of the Earth`s surface would be on the order of -19 celcius rather than the 140 celcius actually observed. The gases that help trap the Sun`s heat close to the Earth`s surface are refered to as greenhouse gases. All greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation heat at particular wave lenghts.

The most imortant greenhouse gases are water vapor carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide and several engineered gases , such as hydro flouro carbon, perflouro carbon and sulfur hexachloride. Water vapor is by far the most common with an atmosphere concentration of nearly 1 percent, compared with less than 0.04 percent for carbonelegible however , and anthropogenic emissions of water vapor are not factored into national greenhouse gas on climate change (UNFCCC) or the kyoto protocol. Concentrations of other greenhouse gases, such as methame and nitrous oxide, are a fraction of that for carbon dioxide.

Scientist recognized in the early 1960`s that concentrations of carbon dioxide in the Earth`s atmosphere were inceasing every year. Subsequently the discovered that atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases keep the Earth at it`s present temperature, scientist began to postulate that invreasing concentrations of greenhouse gases would make the Earth warmer.

In computer based simulation models rising concentrations of greenhouse gases nearly always produce an increase in the average temperature of the earth. Rising temperature may in turn produce changes in weather and in the level of the oceans that might prove to current patterns of land use and human settle ments, as well as to existing ecosystems to date however it has proven difficult to disentangel the human impact on climate change from normal temporal and sparial variations in temperature on a global scale. The most recent report of the inter govermental panel on climate change (IPCC) an international assemblage of scientist comissioned by the United Nation to asses the scientific technical and socioevonomic information relevant for the understanding of the risk of human induced climate change estimates that global average surface temperature has increased by 0.6 – 0.2 C since the late 19th century. According to ``IPCC’’ there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over 50 years is attribulated to human activities.

Greenhouse gases are accumilating in Earth`s atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing surface air temperature and subsurface aocean temperature to rise. Temperature are in fact rising. The changes observed over the last several decades are likely mostly due to human activities, but we cannot rule out that some significant part of these changes is also a reflection of natural variability.

Because there is considerable uncertainly in current understanding of how the climate system varies naturally and reacts to emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols , current estimates of the magnitude of future warming should be regarded as tntative and subject to future adjustments. The Comittee generally agrees with the assessment of human caused climate change presented in the IPCC working I (WGI) Scientific report but seek here to articulate more clearly the level of confidence that can bediscribed to those assessments and the careats that need to be attached them.

IV. Greenhouse Effect

The absorption of terrestrial radiation primarily by water vapor and methame adds to the energy content of the atmosphere. The heat-retaining process of such gases is referred to as the greenhouse effect because a similar effect occurs in greenhouses. The absorption and transmission properties of regular glass are similar to those of the atmospheric greenhouse gases in general. Visible radiation is transmitted and infrared radiation is absorbed. The greenhouse effect in the atmosphere is quite noticcable at night particularly on cloudy night. With a cloud and water vapor cover to obsorb the terrstrial radiation the night air is usually ‘’cold and clear ‘’ because the energy from the daytime insolation is quickly lost. The gases of the lower atmosphere transmit most of the visible portion of the sunlight , as does the glass of a greenhouse. The warmed Earth emits infrared radiation wich is selected absorbed by atmospheric gases. The absorption spectrum of wich is similar to that of glass. The absorbed energy heats the atmosphere and helps maintain the Earth`s average temperature.

A. Gases in the Earth Atmosphere 1. Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gases are those that can be absorb and emit infrared radiation. The most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth`s atmosphere : * Water vapor – Is the gas of phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrophere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. * Carbon dioxide – is a naturaly occuring chemical compound of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exist in Earth`s atmosphere in this state as a trace gas at a concentration of 0.039 percent by volume. * Methame – is a chemical compound with the chemical formula with the chemical formula. It is the simplest alkane, the main component of natural gas and probably the most abundant organc compound on Earth. * Nitrous Oxide – gives rise to Nitric oxide on reaction with oxygen atoms , and this Nitric oxide in turn reacts with ozone. It is the main naturaly occuring regulation of stratospheric. * Ozone – is formed from dioxgen by action of ultraviolet light and also atmospheric electriacal dischanges and is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth`s atmosphere. Ozone makes up only 0.6 parts per million of the atmosphere.

2. Non Greenhouse gases

Although contributing to many other physical and chamical reactions, the major atmospheric constinuents, nirogen , oxygen and argon are not greenhouse gases. This is because molecules containing two atoms of the same elements such as Nitrogen and oxygen and monatomic molecules such as Argon have no net change in their dipole moment when they Vibrate and hence are almost totally unaffected by infrared radiation. Although molecules containing two atoms of different elements such a carbon monoxide or hydrogen chloride absorb Infrared Radiation these molecules are short lived in the atmosphere owning to their reactivity and solubilty. Because they do notcontribute significantly to the greenhouse effect. They are usually omitted when discussing greenhouse gases.

3. Indirect radiative Effects

Some gases have indirect radiative effects wether or not they are a greenhouse gas themselves. This happens in two main ways. One ways is that when they break down in the Atmosphere they produce another greenhouse gas. Methame and carbon monoxide are oxidised to give carbon dioxide. Oxidation of CO to CO2 directly produces an unambigous increase in radiative forcing although the reason is subtle. The peak of the thermal infrared radiation emission from the Earth`s surface is very close to a stong vibrational absorption band at CO2. The single CO vibrational band only absorb infrared radiation at much higher frequencies where the 300k thermal emision of the surface is at teast a factor of ten lower. Oxidation of methame to CO2 wich requires reactions with the OH radical produces an instantaneus reduction since (O2 is a weaker greenhouse gas than methame.

A second type of indirect effect happens when chemical reactions in the atmosphere involving these gases change the concentrations of greenhouse gases. Methame has a number of indirect effects in addition to form CO2. The main chemical which destroys methame in the atmosphere is the hydroxyl radica. Methame reacts with hydoxyl radical and so more methame means that the concentration of OM goes down. Methame increase it own atmospheric life time and there fore its overall radiative effect. The second effect is that the oxidation of methame to produce ozone. The third effect making CO2 the oxidation of methame produces water. This is a major source of water vapor in the stratosphere which is other wise very dry. Hydrogen can lead to ozone production of CH4 increase as well as producing water vapor in the stratosphere.

4. Contribution of cloud to the Earth`s greenhouse Effect

The major non-gas contributor to the Earth`s greenhouse effect, clouds also absorb and emit infrared radiation and thus have an effect on radiative properties of the greenhouse gases. Clouds are water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere.

B. Impact of a given gas on the overall greenhouse Effect.

The contribution of each gas to the greenhouse effect is affected by the characteristics of that gas its abandance and any indirect effects it may cause. On a molecule to molecule basis the direct radiative effects of methame is about 72 times stronger than carbon dioxide over a 20 years time frame. But it is present in much smaller concentrations so that its total direct radiative effect is smaller and it has a shorter atmospheric lifetime. In addition to its direct radiative impact methame has a large indirect radiative effect because it contributes to ozone formation.

1. Proportion at direct effects at a given moment

* It is possible to state that a certain gas causes an exact percentage of the greenhouse effect. This is because some of the gases absorb and emit radiation of the same frequencies as others so that the total greenhouse effect is not simply the sum of the influence of each gas. The higher ends of the range qouted are for each gas alone.

2. Atmospheric lifetime

* The atmospheric lifetime of a species therefore measures the time required to restore equilibrium following a sudden increase or decrease in its concentration in the atmosphere. Individual atoms or molecules may be lost or deposited to sink such as the soil.

3. Radiative forcing

* When energy from the sun reaches the earth the planet absorb some of this energy and radiates the rest back to space as heat. The earth`s surface temperature depends on this balance between incoming and outgoing energy.It this energy is shifted the earth`s surface could beome notice ably warmer or cooler leading to a variety of changes in global climate. A number of natural and man made mechanisms can effect the global energy balance and force changes in the earth`s climate. Greenhouse gases are one such mechansm. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb and re-emit some of the outgoing energy radiated from the earth`s surface causing that heat to be retained in the lower atmosphere factors that influence earth`s energy balance can be quantified in terms of radiative climate forcing. Positive radiative forcing indicates warming whlie negative forcing is associated with cooling.

4. Global warming Potential

* The global warming pottential depends on both the efficiency of the molecule as a greenhouse gas and its atmosphere lifetime. GWP is measured relative to the same mass of CO2 and evaluated for a specific time scale. If a gas has a high radiative forcing but also a short life time , it will have a large GWP on a twenty year scale but a small one on a one-hundred year scale. If a module has a longer atmospheric lifetime than CO2 its GWP will increase with the time scale considered. Carbon dioxide is defined to have a GWP of one all over time periods.

C. Effects of Greenhouse Effects

* The effects of global warming are ecological and social changes caused by the rise in global temperatures. There is a Scientific consensus that climate change is occuring and that human activity are the primary drivers. Evidence of climate change includes the instrumental temperatures record rising sea levels and decrease snow cover in the northern Hemisphere. According the intergovermental panel on climate change or IPCC most of the observed increase in global overage temperatures since the mid 20th century is very likely due to the abserved increase in human greenhouse gas concentrations. Projection of future climate change suggest further global warming. Sea level rise and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Global climate change has already had obseved effects on the invironment. Glaciers have shurnk ice on rivers and lakes is breaking up early plant and animal ranges have shifted and trees are flowering sooner. Effects that scientist had predicted in the past would result from global climate change are now occuring loss of sea ice accelerated sea levels rise and longer more intense heat waves.

Scientist have high confidence that global warming temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come largerly due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities. The IPCC which includes more than One thousand three hundred scientist from the United Stated and other Countries, forecast a temperature rise to 2.5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit over the next century. According to IPCC the ectent of climate change effects on individuals regions well vary over time and wiht the ability of differnt societal and environmental systems. To matigate or to adopt to change. The IPCC predicts that increase in global mean temperature of less than 1.8 to 5.4 degrees Fahrenheit or one to three degrees celcius above 1990 levels will produce beneficial impacts in some regions and harmful ones in other. Net annual cost will increase overtime as global temperatures increase. Over last 10,000 years temperature remained remarkably stable across the globe changing by little more than 2 degree fahrenheit on a average. Even during the Little Ice Age ‘’, which lasted from 1300 AD to 1850 AD, which resulted advancing of glaciers average temperatures were little more than two degrees fahrenheit. The effects of global warming could change average temperature five times as much as the ‘’Little Ice Age ‘’ did-though in opposite direction.

The adverse effect of global warming are enormous. The effects are already being felt to our planet on human life, plants and animals worldwide. The predicted effects of global warming on the environment amd for human life are numerous and varied. It is generally difficult to attribute specific natural phenomena to long-term causes even though some effects of recent climate changes already we are withessing rissing sea levels glacier, retreat, artic shrinkage, and altered patterns of agriculture are cited as direct consequences. Among secondary and regional effects extreme weather events ecpansions of tropical diseases, change in timing of seasonal patterns in ecosystems and drastic economic impact are predicted.

Here are some sample of the effects of Greenhouse effect or Global warming.

1. Rising Sea levels 2. Shrinking Glaciers 3. Heat Waves 4. Torms andFloods 5. Drought 6. Diesese 7. Economic consequences 8. Conflics and War 9. Loss of Biodiversity 10. Destruction of Ecosystem

D . Causes of Greenhouse Effect

* Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About thirty percent of the sunlight that becomes beams toward the earth is deffected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planets surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation. The heat caused by infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor , carbon dioxide , ozone and methame which slows its scape frm the atmosphere. Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1 percent of the earth`s atmosphere they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet. Most climate scientist agree the main cause of the arrent global warming trend is human expansion of the greenhouse effect warming that the result when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from earth toward space. Certain gases in the atmosphere block heat from scaping. Long-lived gases remaining semi-permanently in the atmosphere wich do not respond physically or chemically to changes in temperature are described as forcing climate change where as gases such as water wich respond physically or chemically to changes in temperature are seen as feed back.

Concentration of greenhouse gases are increasing primarily because of fossil fuel combution and the use of nitrogen fertilizer and CFCS. Greenhouse gases are expected to increase because of these activities. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about half of the contribution greenhouse gases make to global warming. Since the beggining of the industrial recolution the level of of carbon dioxide has increased about 25 percent and is approaching the maximum amount that scientist believed occured naturally over the past million years. According to DOE, difficulties in estimating future levels many be due in part to problems in modeling fossil fuels emission on a 100 year time scale and uncertainties in modeling natural ocean and terrestrial processes that emit carbon dioxide and remove it from the atmosphere. To better estimate the growth of greenhouse gases scientist have identified the need for further research on the chemical, biological and geophysical processes that affect changes in atmospheric concentrations and improved long term monitoring at atmospheric trend. This estimates inturn should help the researchers and policymakers to understand how and when these gases may affect the climate and to devise strategies to limit their growth.

Gases that contribute to the greenhouse Effect :

* Water vapor – The most abundant greenhouse gas, acts as a feedback to the climate. Water vapor increase as the earth`s Atmosphere warm. * Carbon dioxide – A minor but very important component of the atmosphere carbon dioxide ise released through natural processes such as respiration and vulcanic erruption and through human activities such as deforestation land use change and burning fossil fuels. * Methane – A hydrocarbon gas produced both through natural sources and human activities . * Nitrous Oxide – A powerful greenhouse gas produced by soil cultivation practices fossil fuel combution nitric acid and human activities . * Chloroflourocarbons – Synthetic compounds of entirely of industrial orgin used in a number of app, but now largerly regulated in production and release to the atmosphere by international agreement for their ability to contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer.

Here on Earth human activities are changing the natural greenhouse. Over the last century the burnng of fossil fuels like coal and oil has increased the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. This happens because te coal has invcrease greenhouse gase. To lesser extent the clearing of land for agriculture industry and other human activities concentrations of the greenhouse gases.

E . Actions to respond to global warming

* The scientific uncertainties surrounding possible global warming make it difficult for policy makers to determine the correct respond to it. Potential strategies for responding to climate change fall into two categories. Adaption strategies adjust the environment ow ways of using it to reduce the consequences of a changing climate.Limitation strategies control or stop the growth of greenhouse gas concentration in the atmosphere and limit climate change this two responses are complementray not mutually exclusive.

V. Pioneer of the science of Greenhouse Effect

* Jean Babtiste Joseph Fourier

* Was a prominent 19th century physicist. His initial scientific fame aruse in the 1850`s from his study of diamagnetism. Later he studied thermal radiation and produced a number of dicoveries about processes in the atmosphere. His cheif scientific work is considered to be his reserches on radi at heat. These include measurements of the transmission of radiant heat through gases and vapors.

* Srante August Arrhenuis

* Swedish physicist physical chemist and scientist known for his theory of electrolytic dissociation and his model of the greenhouse effect. In 1903 he was awarded the nobel Prize for Chemistry. The focused on three district specialties within the fields of physics and chemistry. Physical chemistry cosmic physics and chemistry of immunology. He calculated the effect of an increasing concentration of greenhouse gases.

* Roger Revelle and Han Suess

* The first expressin of concern about the climate change might be brought about by increasing the greenhouse gases. They published a paper which pointed out that in the build up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere human beings are carrying out a large scale geophysical experiment.

VI . Advantages of Greenhouse Effect

* Unlike other planets Earth`s is able to sustain life is because the greenhouse effect has maintained the temperature with a manayable limit. * The greenhouse effect also help maintain the water balance in all the spheres on this planet. * The greenhouse effect has helped in restricting the polar caps in polar region only. * Increase in greenhouse gas may also lead to meltingof northern ice region to thaw and make it habitable. * Due to the greenhouse effect and an increase in the mosture level in atmosphere rainfall is possible in regions where it was unimaginable before. * Agriculture is now possible in regions which are primarily arid or semi-arid zones and better agricultural practices where croping is completely dependent upon rain water harvesting. * The over all greenhouse effect also in a way helps in extending the growing seasin of crops and so many crops products vegetable are now available beyond the seasons. * Both growing and flowering in plants are completely temperature dependant and thus with precailing average temperature along with the presence of humidity and high percentile help plants to grow and yeild better than before.

VII. Disadvantage of Greenhouse Effect * Health * Rising temperature have a direct impact on human health. When exposed on high level of heat people can suffer from elevated body temperature heat exhaustion heat cramps and heat stroke.

* Water Resourses * The changing of weather patterns and higher temperature affect the amount and quality of water resources available for human consumption. * Energy Production * Rising temperature require more energy for air conditioning during summer this stress to the energy infrastruture could lead to brownout or power outages during heat waves. * Ecosystem * The greenhouse effect can significantly after fragile land and water ecosystem and discrupt life in this region. As the climate changes in certain regions some plants and animals may be unable to adapt to these rapid changes and will either die or migrate to more hospitable regions some ecosystem could lose entire species.

VIII. Conclusion

Greenhouse effect can destroy but the same time can help us all living things here on earth. We human being are the one choosing what consequences what will happen to us if we do not stop the much abusing our nature. Greenhouse gases are the one that`s why the temperature of earth is warm. Without these greenhouse gases will become a frozen planet. Human activities are the one responsible on this greenhouse gases they are the one who produce. We should save energy and we should take care our natural resources. So that the next generation of people will no suffer.