Globalisation and Media
4. Does globalisation imply cultural homogenisation? Your answer should consider specific local and global media examples and should include reference to the Appadurai and McChesney article in the course reader.
Globalization plays an important role on the world and society today. Furthermore globalization is very arguable that it will induced cultural homogenization. Globalization can be simply defined by the process of cross culture between nation and nation or the process of international integration which actually mean the process of sharing ideas, cultures, concept and so forth between nations. (Appadurai 2000) and (McChesney 2001) they have a very different point of view of toward globalisation, they (Appadurai and McChesney) highlighted the negatives that caused by globalization and the impact on cultural homogenization. According to Appadurai he believes that globalization is a battle between homogenization and heterogenization referring to a series of “scapes” which consist of five movement which are ethnoscapes (movement of people), technoscapes (movement of technology), financescapes (movement of money), mediascapes (movement of media) and ideoscapes (movement of ideas) (Appadurai 2011). Appadurai also mentioned that if globalization is brought into other countries, they “tend to become indigenized in one or another way” (Appadurai 2011). Hence, this claim rejects the notion that globalization leads to standardisation and globalisation will lead to imagines community conflicts. While McChesney defines neoliberalism as “the set of national and international policies that call for business domination of all social affairs with minimal countervailing force” (2001). McChesney mentioned that globalization is similar to neoliberalism but in the form of privatisation of publicly owned assets. Media company merging by having a strong financial secure in the market, company merge to have a bigger share in the media world and have a bigger role to control the
Globalization plays an important role on the world and society today. Furthermore globalization is very arguable that it will induced cultural homogenization. Globalization can be simply defined by the process of cross culture between nation and nation or the process of international integration which actually mean the process of sharing ideas, cultures, concept and so forth between nations. (Appadurai 2000) and (McChesney 2001) they have a very different point of view of toward globalisation, they (Appadurai and McChesney) highlighted the negatives that caused by globalization and the impact on cultural homogenization. According to Appadurai he believes that globalization is a battle between homogenization and heterogenization referring to a series of “scapes” which consist of five movement which are ethnoscapes (movement of people), technoscapes (movement of technology), financescapes (movement of money), mediascapes (movement of media) and ideoscapes (movement of ideas) (Appadurai 2011). Appadurai also mentioned that if globalization is brought into other countries, they “tend to become indigenized in one or another way” (Appadurai 2011). Hence, this claim rejects the notion that globalization leads to standardisation and globalisation will lead to imagines community conflicts. While McChesney defines neoliberalism as “the set of national and international policies that call for business domination of all social affairs with minimal countervailing force” (2001). McChesney mentioned that globalization is similar to neoliberalism but in the form of privatisation of publicly owned assets. Media company merging by having a strong financial secure in the market, company merge to have a bigger share in the media world and have a bigger role to control the
References: Appadurai, A. (2000). “Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy” in Frank Lechner and John Boli (eds) The Globalization Reader, Blackwell, Oxford, pp.322-30 Baker, C. E. (2002). Media Concentration: Giving Up on Democracy. Florida Law Review Barry, P. (2013). One voice, many mastheads, ep 27. Media Watch. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Corporation Buck-Morss, S. (2003). Thinking Past Terror: Islamism and Critical Theory on the Left. London: Verso Collins, C., Hartman, C., Kraut, K., & Mota, G. (2005). Shifty Tax Cuts: How They Move the Tax Burden Off the Rich and Onto Everyone Else Flew, T. (2009). Democracy, participation and convergent media: Case studies in contemporary online news journalism in Australia Giroux, H. A. (2005). The terror of neoliberalism: Rethinking the significance of cultural politics Grubel, J. (2013). Australian press watchdog chides Murdoch media. Reuters [Canberra] Harvey, D. (2005). A brief history of neoliberalism. Oxford University Press. Retrieved from: http://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=F5DZvEVt890C&oi=fnd&pg=PT2&dq=neoliberalism+evil++++++&ots=P69rXGZYSp&sig=dHPds_DTOkO-NLmPqg5lyVsLTHI Hesmondhalgh, D. (2008). Neoliberalism, imperialism and the media. The media and social theory, 1, 95 Lessig, L. (1999). Code: And other laws of cyberspace. Basic Books (AZ). McChesney, R