Globalization and Health
GloGlobalisation and the Impact on Health
A Third World View
Evelyne Hong Third World Network 228, Macalister Road 10400 Penang August 2000 twn@igc.apc.org, http://www.twnside.org.sg
prepared for The Peoples’ Health Assembly December 4-8, 2000 Savar, Bangladesh
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Contents
Page Introduction The Colonial Enterprise Integration into the Market Post-Colonial Development Strategy Free Market Reform Free Market Rules The Role of the World Bank in Global Economic Reform Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) Impact of SAPs in Third World Increased Poverty Corruption Social Dislocation and Unrest Social Conditions Worsen SAPs Reform in Peru Famine in Somalia Economic Reform in Vietnam Health System Collapse The Global Assault on Health WHO under Attack The Alma Ata Declaration Undermining Primary Health Care UNICEF’s Role in SPHC The Indian Experience with SPHC SPHC in Africa UNICEF and User Fees The Role of the World Bank Privatisation and Profits The World Trade Organisation (WTO) The Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) Health Implications The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) Negative Impact Privatising Knowledge Trade Marks Price Increase on Medicines Lack of Access to Essential Medicines 4 4 5 7 10 11 13 14 15
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34 36 37
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US Bullies Thailand US Threatens South Africa US Double Standards US Unilateral Action against Argentina BioPiracy Health Threats from Biotechnology The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) Selling Health Prise Open Markets The ‘Agreement’ on Government Procurement The ‘Agreement’ on Competition Policy The ‘Agreement’ on Investment Corporations Shape Health The Agreement on Agriculture (AOA) The Globalisation of Culture The Culture of Violence Women for Sale UN Complicity Poverty and Sex Trade The US -UN Sanctions on Iraq Infant and Child Deaths
A Third World View
Evelyne Hong Third World Network 228, Macalister Road 10400 Penang August 2000 twn@igc.apc.org, http://www.twnside.org.sg
prepared for The Peoples’ Health Assembly December 4-8, 2000 Savar, Bangladesh
1
Contents
Page Introduction The Colonial Enterprise Integration into the Market Post-Colonial Development Strategy Free Market Reform Free Market Rules The Role of the World Bank in Global Economic Reform Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) Impact of SAPs in Third World Increased Poverty Corruption Social Dislocation and Unrest Social Conditions Worsen SAPs Reform in Peru Famine in Somalia Economic Reform in Vietnam Health System Collapse The Global Assault on Health WHO under Attack The Alma Ata Declaration Undermining Primary Health Care UNICEF’s Role in SPHC The Indian Experience with SPHC SPHC in Africa UNICEF and User Fees The Role of the World Bank Privatisation and Profits The World Trade Organisation (WTO) The Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) Health Implications The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) Negative Impact Privatising Knowledge Trade Marks Price Increase on Medicines Lack of Access to Essential Medicines 4 4 5 7 10 11 13 14 15
22
27
30
34 36 37
2
US Bullies Thailand US Threatens South Africa US Double Standards US Unilateral Action against Argentina BioPiracy Health Threats from Biotechnology The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) Selling Health Prise Open Markets The ‘Agreement’ on Government Procurement The ‘Agreement’ on Competition Policy The ‘Agreement’ on Investment Corporations Shape Health The Agreement on Agriculture (AOA) The Globalisation of Culture The Culture of Violence Women for Sale UN Complicity Poverty and Sex Trade The US -UN Sanctions on Iraq Infant and Child Deaths