Ancient Greece
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The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to Athena, located on the Acropolis in Athens, is one of the most representative symbols of the culture and sophistication of the ancient Greeks.
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Part of a map of the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent regions by William Faden, March 1785
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Ancient Greece was a Greek civilization belonging to a period of Greek history that lasted from the Archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (ca. AD 600). Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era.[1] Included in ancient Greece is the period of Classical Greece, which flourished during the 5th to 4th centuries BC. Classical Greece began with the repelling of a Persian invasion by Athenian leadership. Because of conquests by Alexander the Great of Macedonia, Hellenistic civilization flourished from Central Asia to the western end of the Mediterranean Sea.
Classical Greek culture, especially philosophy, had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of the Mediterranean Basin and Europe, for which reason Classical Greece is generally considered to be the seminal culture which provided the foundation of modern Western culture.[2][3][4][5]
Contents [hide]
1 Chronology
2 Historiography
3 History
3.1 Archaic period
3.2 Classical Greece
3.2.1 5th century
3.2.2 4th century
3.3 Hellenistic Greece
3.4 Roman Greece
4 Geography
4.1 Regions
4.2 Colonies
5 Politics and society
5.1 Political structure
5.2 Government and law
5.3 Social structure
5.4 Education
5.5 Economy
5.6 Warfare
6 Culture
6.1 Philosophy
6.2 Literature and theatre
6.3 Music and dance
6.4 Science and technology
6.5
References: Jump up ^ Bruce Thornton, Greek Ways: How the Greeks Created Western Civilization, Encounter Books, 2002 Jump up ^ Richard Tarnas, The Passion of the Western Mind (New York: Ballantine Books, 1991). Jump up ^ Colin Hynson, Ancient Greece (Milwaukee: World Almanac Library, 2006), 4. Jump up ^ Carol G. Thomas, Paths from Ancient Greece (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1988). Jump up ^ Short, John R (1987), An Introduction to Urban Geography, Routledge, p. 10. Jump up ^ Pomeroy, Sarah B. (1999). Ancient Greece: a political, social, and cultural history. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-509742-9. Jump up ^ Hadas, Moses (1950). A History of Greek Literature. Columbia University Press. p. 327. ISBN 0-231-01767-7. Jump up ^ Grant, Michael (1995). Greek and Roman historians: information and misinformation. Routledge, 1995. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-415-11770-8. Jump up ^ Hall Jonathan M. (2007). A History of the Archaic Greek World, ca. 1200-479 BCE. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-22667-3. Jump up ^ Sealey, Raphael (1976). A history of the Greek city states, ca. 700–338 B.C.. University of California Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-631-22667-3. Jump up ^ Slavoj Žižek (18 April 2011). Living in the End Times. Verso. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-84467-702-3. Retrieved 12 June 2011. Jump up ^ Typhoid Fever Behind Fall of Athens. LiveScience. January 23, 2006. Jump up ^ Alexander 's Gulf outpost uncovered. BBC News. August 7, 2007. Jump up ^ "Macedonia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2008. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-03. Jump up ^ Angus Konstam: "Historical Atlas of Ancient Greece", pp. 94-95. Thalamus publishing, UK, 2003, ISBN 1-904668-16-X Jump up ^ W Jump up ^ Strong, W.F.; Cook, John A. (July 2007). "Reviving the Dead Greek Guys". Global Media Journal, Indian Edition. ISSN: 1550-7521.[dead link] Jump up ^ Garrison, Fielding H Jump up ^ Nuland, Sherwin B. (1988). Doctors. Knopf. p. 5. ISBN 0-394-55130-3. Bibliography Charles Freeman (1996) Paul MacKendrick (1962). The Greek Stones Speak: The Story of Archaeology in Greek Lands. St. Martin 's Press. Thomas Wardle (1835). The history of ancient Greece, its colonies and conquests from the earliest accounts till division of the Macedonian Empire in the East.