greenhouse

Greenhouse effects and global warming are an uprising environmental issue. The greenhouse effect is the process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by gases are released in the atmosphere. The major greenhouse gases are water vapor (36 -70%), carbon dioxide CO2 (9-26%), methane CH4 (4-9%), and ozone O3 (3-7%). Since the industrial revolution, human activity has increased the amount of greenhouse gases, leading to increased levels of CO2, methane and troposphere ozone. Fossil fuels are the world’s largest leading energy and fuel source for most vehicles.
When energy is scarce or expensive, people can suffer material deprivation and economic hardship. When it is obtained in ways that fail to minimize environmental and political costs, these too can threaten human wellbeing in fundamental and pervasive ways. The energy problem today combines these syndromes: much of the world's population has too little energy to meet basic human needs; the monetary costs of energy are rising nearly everywhere; the environmental impacts of energy supply are growing and already dominant contributors to local, regional, and global environmental problems (including air pollution, water pollution, ocean pollution, and climate change); and the sociopolitical risks of energy supply (above all the danger of conflict over oil) are growing too. This predicament has many causes, but predominant among them are the nearly 20-fold increase in world energy use since 1850 and the cumulative depletion of the most convenient oil and gas deposits that this growth has entailed, resulting in increasing resort to costlier and/or environmentally more disruptive energy sources.
Coping with global energy problems will require greatly increased investment in improving the efficiency of energy enduse and in reducing the environmental impacts of contemporary energy technologies, and it will require financing a transition over the next several decades to a set of more sustainable (but