Gut Bacteria Research Paper

Gut bacteria
Gut bacteria are bacteria that are located in the gut. The gut is considered as any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract includes the stomach, mouth, oesophagus, and duodenum. The gastrointestinal track has many different parts and each part contains different bacteria.There are 100 trillion bacteria present in the human body, most of them can be found within the gut and others can be found in the mouth, skin surface, urogenital tract and nose. Its structure is unique to each individual and it contains more than 3 million microbial genes. Gut bacteria is very useful in the body as it helps to breakdown food that has not been broken down properly by the stomach and the small intestine, it also helps in
the production of useful vitamins such as vitamin B and K, in addition it also helps to neutralise toxins and destroy any yeast or uneffective bacteria present in the gut. The human body has something called gut associated lymphoid tissue it is located in the stomach, it also has a lymphoid tissue called mucosal associated lymphatic which produces antibodies that help to fight bacteria, viruses and paracytic infections. Without having healthy gut balance, healthy digestion and healthy gut flora the immune system will be affected badly. There are three main types of beneficial bacteria which includes, beneficial bacteria, commensal bacteria, and pathogenic bacteria. Beneficial bacteria in the gut produces certain acids like lactic acids or CO2, it also produces other beneficial acids that can lower the Ph in the gut. When the Ph in the gut is lower it is harder for pathogens to enter, therefore resulting in a healthy gut and immune system.
The ability of bacteria being able to live, function and multiply in an appropriate environment causing chemical changes refers to bacterial metabolism.
Bacteria are found in humans from birth, where they feed and continue to develop. In the digestive tract they feed from decaying food matter, which results in digestion, and providing nutrients to the host. Other bacteria host on inanimate objects and decompose things that if left for a while could be unhealthy for a particular environment. The two important chemical processes that are involved in a bacteria cell include, anabolism and catabolism. Anabolism is the chemical process in which beneficial molecules are created for the body and catabolism is the chemical process in which chemical molecules are digested; produces energy. Chemical energy produced by substrate oxidations (molecules are broken down with the use of oxygen) are stored by high energy compounds such as ADP, ATP or any compounds that contains thioester bond. Energy is kept in these compounds as high energy phosphate bonds. These compounds can be used to obtain energy when proper enzyme systems are present to synthesize new complex organic compounds required by the cell. For the use of these high energy compounds, cells must be able to regulate steady-state biochemical reactions. Bacteria multiply by a process called binary fission, in this process they copy the nucleoid region which divides into two, then divides and the process continues into a large number of
bacteria.