HCS 465: A Case Study Of Communicable Diseases
Communicable Disease Paper Enquied Fields HCS/465 May 28, 2014 Duane Bibbie
Communicable Disease Paper
In the world today, there are a number of communicable diseases that rely on fluid exchange, contaminated substances, or that travel through contact from an infected carrier to someone even healthier. In this paper, a number of things will be addressed: describe the disease and discuss the efforts to control it; identify the environmental factors related to this disease; explain the influence of lifestyles, socioeconomic status, and disease management. The paper will also include: identifying the gaps and how I might link to other resources to meet needs that are not locally available; include recommendations to expand the communities’ programs if there are gaps; describe what the public health department is doing to reduce the threat of the disease; and to …show more content…
include data findings, evidence-based intervention, and a plan to ensure quality health. The Flu is a common infectious disease caused by the influenza viruses.
Most of the time a person’s throat, nose, and lungs are affected by the flu. The flu virus is easily spread through the contact from one person to another and can be very serious and sometimes resulting in death. The symptoms related to the flu consist of coughing, runny nose, sore throat, chills, fever, and tiredness. The flu is spread through tiny wet droplets due to coughing, sneezing, and even talking from a person who already has the flu. It can be spread from person to person even before they are sick or before they are aware that they have the virus. The best efforts used to control the flu virus would be to get vaccinated, practice good hygiene, and to follow the infection control
practices.
The flu bug sickness is known to be a global public health problem due to its serious mortality and morbidity due to the seasons changing along with harmful outbreaks. Even though a vast amount of research and beneficial measures to fight the flu virus. The environmental factors as well as the genetic factors that affect the flu virus-induced disease exposure, continue
to be explained. In the research report, the present shape of statistics study environmental factors which effect the flu virus sensitivity. Mouse models of the flu virus led to the recognition of some contestant’s sensitivity genetics, even though the majority of them were never proven in the studies of human cohort (Neighbors, 2013). However, a number of investigations demonstrated preexisting conditions relating to increased flu virus which corresponded mortality and morbidity, and being severely unprotected from cigarette smoke and also as increase of alcohol can risk of infection. Nevertheless, due to the absences of human-based evidence, remains to substantiate the in vitro and animal model studies explaining the role for environmental factors and the risk for the flu virus (Neighbors, 2013). Additional research is required, especially an extensive group of researchers including individuals with experience in nature, to define the genomic and environmental risk factors for the flu viruses sensitivity leading to additional successful investigational tactics for viruses.
Flu conditions have a severe influence on one’s lifestyle. The community public health office will provide resources to decrease the spread of the flu and will also provide information in timely manner as well as accurate. Some things to remember in your lifestyle especially employees include: getting vaccinated; hand washing often; cover coughs and sneezes; clean surfaces; stay home if experiencing flu like symptoms; and employees should stay home if they are sick. There has been a number of studies of protective behaviors and health knowledge which revealed disparities based on socioeconomic status. The poverty stricken communities are less knowledgeable about their risks of health are susceptible to a higher risk behaviors will more than likely not participate in protective behaviors. This is why it is essential to gain knowledge of the social and culture factors for these such disparities of the poverty stricken communities. The
flu can spread through health care providers, visitors, residents, and the results of the outbreaks can sometimes be fatal. There are some ways of prevention for managing the transmission of the flu virus. These include: testing; vaccinations; antiviral treatment; infection control; and antiviral chemoprophylaxis.
Furthermore, giving logical statistics based on public health choices about implementing interventions, and significant advance of methodical evaluations identifying spaces where data is either missing are have insignificant value. While summarizing, some lingering questions for each intervention did arise due to the gaps in research. Systematic reviews being organized for the Community Guide tried differentiating betwixt proof of benefits of an intervention when implemented alone and the evidence of effectiveness of the intervention when implemented in combination with other interventions (Ndiaye, 2005). The Task Force team developed qualitative methods attempting to transcribe the multicomponent body of evidence on effectiveness into recommendations from the Force (Ndiaye, 2005). There were 35 investigations which were suitable for the presence in the reviews of effectiveness. A dozen investigations were compared for the effectiveness of any intervention when implemented alone (Ndiaye, 2005). The single-component intervention provider reminder systems provided enough proof which supported the Task Force resolution on how effective and what was recommended for use. Conclusion were based on category which reproduced how effective the evidence was when interventions were combined from one category of vaccination delivery with those from one or both of the other two categories. The Task Force did include a provider reminder system as an option for intervention in the menu format in spite of being inconsistentant of proof and just how effective it is because; there was strong evidence on effectiveness of provider reminders when implemented alone, and
although effectiveness varied by vaccination type, evidence on effectiveness was sufficient for increasing targeted vaccination coverage for the flu.
The conclusion of the Task Force represented with the decisions of most of the qualifying evidence on the effectiveness of intervention combined. Recommendations in a menu format provide a flexible list of intervention options for local consideration and application. Methods used to develop this review also developed obtainable options to the Task Force for transcribing conclusions on effectiveness into recommendation for use. The proof of evidence provided for effectiveness for many of the other Community Guide reviews are dominated in similarity by research analyzing multicomponent interventions. Additional qualitative methods developed may assist future reviewers in representing the conceptual organization and application of interventions when implementing in combination to address a variety of public health promotion efforts.
Once a year, people working in labs scurry to establish an inexpensive as well as powerful vaccine to fight against influenza virus. The National Vaccine Program Office is accountable for organizing as well as assuring partnership amongst numerous federal agencies connected with the vaccine and immunization actions. In our country today, the flu is responsible for an annual average of 36,000 deaths, ranking 7th among all causes of death (“what is public health”). The public health researchers, administrators and laboratory technicians make decisions for the distribution of the vaccine to all workers in preventing the flu virus and death (“what is public health”). Gauging the severity of each flu season 's possible flu strains and correctly timing the strains ' spread among humans is difficult (“what is public health”). Perhaps the most
complicated would be challenges persuading those riskier, specifically the elderly and the children, to get vaccinated yearly (“what is public health”).
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an up to date report during the National Influenza Vaccination Week on December 12, 2013, highlighting the benefits in which the flu vaccine can provide with conventional evaluation that the flu vaccination prohibited 79,000 people from being hospitalized as well as 6.6 million from being ill in the last season with 381,000 hospitalized. The CDC deeply encourages people to get vaccinated. Influenza is one of the vaccine preventable diseases which continue to produce a serious number of mortality and morbidity across the country. The plan for improving the vaccine assurance amongst the United States population involve the objectives to increase the influenza to 60% vaccine insurance wages amongst adults which are considered to be high risk (Ndiaye, 2005). The objectives for the targeted vaccine is priority for the National Immunization Program (NIP) for the CDC (Ndiaye, 2005). The earlier reviews of interventions for improving universal recommendations vaccine protection for adults and children including adolescents. These evidence-based recommendations for the use of the interventions were provide by the Task Force based on criteria already established (Ndiaye, 2005).
In concluding, much knowledge was gained while researching the communicable disease the flu. The flu virus does have a major influence on the more poverty stricken communities due to them not being able to gain the resources available as well as being able to afford the vaccination in preventing signs and symptoms from occurring. The flu is a deadly virus but with further research, it can be prevented.
References
Flu. (n.d.). - ACPHD. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.acphd.org/flu.asp
Neighbors, L. M., & Vaughn, M. F. Understanding the Flu: Host and Environmental Factors Associated With Susceptibility to Influenza Virus-Induced Disease. Student Pulse, Vol. 5 No. 09 , pg. 1/4. Retrieved , from http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/752/understanding-the-flu-host-and-environmental-factors-associated-with-susceptibility-to-influenza-virus-induced-disease
Ndiaye, S. M., Hopkins, D. P., Smith, S. J., & Hinman, A. R. (2005, January 1). Methods for Conducting Systematic Reviews of Targeting Vaccination Strategies for The Guied to Preventive Services. . Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.thecommunityguide.org/vaccines/vpd-AJPM-meth-targeted.pdf
Public Health at Work Today. (n.d.). What is Public Health? -. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.whatispublichealth.org/impact/today.html#Influenza
. (n.d.). . Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/news/nivw-flu-vaccine-benefits.htm-+
Communicable Disease Paper
In the world today, there are a number of communicable diseases that rely on fluid exchange, contaminated substances, or that travel through contact from an infected carrier to someone even healthier. In this paper, a number of things will be addressed: describe the disease and discuss the efforts to control it; identify the environmental factors related to this disease; explain the influence of lifestyles, socioeconomic status, and disease management. The paper will also include: identifying the gaps and how I might link to other resources to meet needs that are not locally available; include recommendations to expand the communities’ programs if there are gaps; describe what the public health department is doing to reduce the threat of the disease; and to …show more content…
include data findings, evidence-based intervention, and a plan to ensure quality health. The Flu is a common infectious disease caused by the influenza viruses.
Most of the time a person’s throat, nose, and lungs are affected by the flu. The flu virus is easily spread through the contact from one person to another and can be very serious and sometimes resulting in death. The symptoms related to the flu consist of coughing, runny nose, sore throat, chills, fever, and tiredness. The flu is spread through tiny wet droplets due to coughing, sneezing, and even talking from a person who already has the flu. It can be spread from person to person even before they are sick or before they are aware that they have the virus. The best efforts used to control the flu virus would be to get vaccinated, practice good hygiene, and to follow the infection control
practices.
The flu bug sickness is known to be a global public health problem due to its serious mortality and morbidity due to the seasons changing along with harmful outbreaks. Even though a vast amount of research and beneficial measures to fight the flu virus. The environmental factors as well as the genetic factors that affect the flu virus-induced disease exposure, continue
to be explained. In the research report, the present shape of statistics study environmental factors which effect the flu virus sensitivity. Mouse models of the flu virus led to the recognition of some contestant’s sensitivity genetics, even though the majority of them were never proven in the studies of human cohort (Neighbors, 2013). However, a number of investigations demonstrated preexisting conditions relating to increased flu virus which corresponded mortality and morbidity, and being severely unprotected from cigarette smoke and also as increase of alcohol can risk of infection. Nevertheless, due to the absences of human-based evidence, remains to substantiate the in vitro and animal model studies explaining the role for environmental factors and the risk for the flu virus (Neighbors, 2013). Additional research is required, especially an extensive group of researchers including individuals with experience in nature, to define the genomic and environmental risk factors for the flu viruses sensitivity leading to additional successful investigational tactics for viruses.
Flu conditions have a severe influence on one’s lifestyle. The community public health office will provide resources to decrease the spread of the flu and will also provide information in timely manner as well as accurate. Some things to remember in your lifestyle especially employees include: getting vaccinated; hand washing often; cover coughs and sneezes; clean surfaces; stay home if experiencing flu like symptoms; and employees should stay home if they are sick. There has been a number of studies of protective behaviors and health knowledge which revealed disparities based on socioeconomic status. The poverty stricken communities are less knowledgeable about their risks of health are susceptible to a higher risk behaviors will more than likely not participate in protective behaviors. This is why it is essential to gain knowledge of the social and culture factors for these such disparities of the poverty stricken communities. The
flu can spread through health care providers, visitors, residents, and the results of the outbreaks can sometimes be fatal. There are some ways of prevention for managing the transmission of the flu virus. These include: testing; vaccinations; antiviral treatment; infection control; and antiviral chemoprophylaxis.
Furthermore, giving logical statistics based on public health choices about implementing interventions, and significant advance of methodical evaluations identifying spaces where data is either missing are have insignificant value. While summarizing, some lingering questions for each intervention did arise due to the gaps in research. Systematic reviews being organized for the Community Guide tried differentiating betwixt proof of benefits of an intervention when implemented alone and the evidence of effectiveness of the intervention when implemented in combination with other interventions (Ndiaye, 2005). The Task Force team developed qualitative methods attempting to transcribe the multicomponent body of evidence on effectiveness into recommendations from the Force (Ndiaye, 2005). There were 35 investigations which were suitable for the presence in the reviews of effectiveness. A dozen investigations were compared for the effectiveness of any intervention when implemented alone (Ndiaye, 2005). The single-component intervention provider reminder systems provided enough proof which supported the Task Force resolution on how effective and what was recommended for use. Conclusion were based on category which reproduced how effective the evidence was when interventions were combined from one category of vaccination delivery with those from one or both of the other two categories. The Task Force did include a provider reminder system as an option for intervention in the menu format in spite of being inconsistentant of proof and just how effective it is because; there was strong evidence on effectiveness of provider reminders when implemented alone, and
although effectiveness varied by vaccination type, evidence on effectiveness was sufficient for increasing targeted vaccination coverage for the flu.
The conclusion of the Task Force represented with the decisions of most of the qualifying evidence on the effectiveness of intervention combined. Recommendations in a menu format provide a flexible list of intervention options for local consideration and application. Methods used to develop this review also developed obtainable options to the Task Force for transcribing conclusions on effectiveness into recommendation for use. The proof of evidence provided for effectiveness for many of the other Community Guide reviews are dominated in similarity by research analyzing multicomponent interventions. Additional qualitative methods developed may assist future reviewers in representing the conceptual organization and application of interventions when implementing in combination to address a variety of public health promotion efforts.
Once a year, people working in labs scurry to establish an inexpensive as well as powerful vaccine to fight against influenza virus. The National Vaccine Program Office is accountable for organizing as well as assuring partnership amongst numerous federal agencies connected with the vaccine and immunization actions. In our country today, the flu is responsible for an annual average of 36,000 deaths, ranking 7th among all causes of death (“what is public health”). The public health researchers, administrators and laboratory technicians make decisions for the distribution of the vaccine to all workers in preventing the flu virus and death (“what is public health”). Gauging the severity of each flu season 's possible flu strains and correctly timing the strains ' spread among humans is difficult (“what is public health”). Perhaps the most
complicated would be challenges persuading those riskier, specifically the elderly and the children, to get vaccinated yearly (“what is public health”).
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an up to date report during the National Influenza Vaccination Week on December 12, 2013, highlighting the benefits in which the flu vaccine can provide with conventional evaluation that the flu vaccination prohibited 79,000 people from being hospitalized as well as 6.6 million from being ill in the last season with 381,000 hospitalized. The CDC deeply encourages people to get vaccinated. Influenza is one of the vaccine preventable diseases which continue to produce a serious number of mortality and morbidity across the country. The plan for improving the vaccine assurance amongst the United States population involve the objectives to increase the influenza to 60% vaccine insurance wages amongst adults which are considered to be high risk (Ndiaye, 2005). The objectives for the targeted vaccine is priority for the National Immunization Program (NIP) for the CDC (Ndiaye, 2005). The earlier reviews of interventions for improving universal recommendations vaccine protection for adults and children including adolescents. These evidence-based recommendations for the use of the interventions were provide by the Task Force based on criteria already established (Ndiaye, 2005).
In concluding, much knowledge was gained while researching the communicable disease the flu. The flu virus does have a major influence on the more poverty stricken communities due to them not being able to gain the resources available as well as being able to afford the vaccination in preventing signs and symptoms from occurring. The flu is a deadly virus but with further research, it can be prevented.
References
Flu. (n.d.). - ACPHD. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.acphd.org/flu.asp
Neighbors, L. M., & Vaughn, M. F. Understanding the Flu: Host and Environmental Factors Associated With Susceptibility to Influenza Virus-Induced Disease. Student Pulse, Vol. 5 No. 09 , pg. 1/4. Retrieved , from http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/752/understanding-the-flu-host-and-environmental-factors-associated-with-susceptibility-to-influenza-virus-induced-disease
Ndiaye, S. M., Hopkins, D. P., Smith, S. J., & Hinman, A. R. (2005, January 1). Methods for Conducting Systematic Reviews of Targeting Vaccination Strategies for The Guied to Preventive Services. . Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.thecommunityguide.org/vaccines/vpd-AJPM-meth-targeted.pdf
Public Health at Work Today. (n.d.). What is Public Health? -. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from http://www.whatispublichealth.org/impact/today.html#Influenza
. (n.d.). . Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/news/nivw-flu-vaccine-benefits.htm-+