Harry Potter
Chapter 10
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
PREVIEW
An object such as a pendulum or a mass on a spring is oscillating or vibrating if it is moving in a repeated path at regular time intervals. We call this type of motion harmonic motion. For an object to continue oscillating there must be a restoring force continually trying to restore it to its equilibrium position. For, the force exerted by an ideal spring obeys Hooke’s law. As an object in simple harmonic motion oscillates, its energy is repeatedly converted from potential energy to kinetic energy, and vice – versa.
The content contained in sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of chapter 10 of the textbook is included on the AP Physics B exam.
QUICK REFERENCE
Important Terms
amplitude maximum displacement from equilibrium position; the distance from the midpoint of a wave to its crest or trough. equilibrium position the position about which an object in harmonic motion oscillates; the center of vibration frequency the number of vibrations per unit of time
Hooke’s law law that states that the restoring force applied by a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring and opposite in direction ideal spring any spring that obeys Hooke’s law and does not dissipate energy within the spring. mechanical resonance condition in which natural oscillation frequency equals frequency of a driving force period the time for one complete cycle of oscillation periodic motion motion that repeats itself at regular intervals of time restoring force the force acting on an oscillating object which is proportional to the displacement and always points toward the equilibrium position. simple harmonic motion regular, repeated, friction-free motion in which the restoring force has the mathematical form F = - kx.
Equations and Symbols
where
Fs = the restoring force of the spring k = spring constant x = displacement from equilibrium position
PEelastic = elastic
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION
PREVIEW
An object such as a pendulum or a mass on a spring is oscillating or vibrating if it is moving in a repeated path at regular time intervals. We call this type of motion harmonic motion. For an object to continue oscillating there must be a restoring force continually trying to restore it to its equilibrium position. For, the force exerted by an ideal spring obeys Hooke’s law. As an object in simple harmonic motion oscillates, its energy is repeatedly converted from potential energy to kinetic energy, and vice – versa.
The content contained in sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of chapter 10 of the textbook is included on the AP Physics B exam.
QUICK REFERENCE
Important Terms
amplitude maximum displacement from equilibrium position; the distance from the midpoint of a wave to its crest or trough. equilibrium position the position about which an object in harmonic motion oscillates; the center of vibration frequency the number of vibrations per unit of time
Hooke’s law law that states that the restoring force applied by a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring and opposite in direction ideal spring any spring that obeys Hooke’s law and does not dissipate energy within the spring. mechanical resonance condition in which natural oscillation frequency equals frequency of a driving force period the time for one complete cycle of oscillation periodic motion motion that repeats itself at regular intervals of time restoring force the force acting on an oscillating object which is proportional to the displacement and always points toward the equilibrium position. simple harmonic motion regular, repeated, friction-free motion in which the restoring force has the mathematical form F = - kx.
Equations and Symbols
where
Fs = the restoring force of the spring k = spring constant x = displacement from equilibrium position
PEelastic = elastic