Healthcare Associated Infections
Healthcare Associated Infections
(HAI)
Presentation objective: Increase awareness of ways to prevent
Healthcare Associated Infections
Leann Bibbs
Sheila Gerald
Fnu Harvinder Kaur
Marcela Rodriguez
How HAI Costs?
Millions of Dollars
Much Pain and Suffering
Loss of Limb and Life
Are the leading cause of preventable deaths
•Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
Individual, Family and Community
• “The names of the patients whose lives we save can never be known. Our contribution will be what did not happen to them.”
(Donald Berwick,MD Former President and
CEO of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement.)
• Each individual affected by a HAI ripples throughout the family and community pain, …show more content…
cost and disappointment. Some is not a number. Soon is not a time, we have to stay the course of action to prevent pain and suffering.
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
Individual
• Each person who comes in contact with a health care provider deserves clean hands and clean equipment to be used to provide healthcare service. • Each individual affected by a healthcare associated infection has increased suffering pain and cost related to something they otherwise would not have had except for their healthcare encounter. My love/ Hate relationship with my therapists,(2011).
Family
• When one person is affected, the entire family is aware and affected in some way. A healthcare associated infection can cost the family time, money, and even a member can be lost to death.
Everything we do to one patient causes the entire family to be more aware of how the system works, good and bad.
“Carey, D.(2012) Family: Prayer and Unity,dominguezfamilyevents.blogspot.com”
Community
• Each community is affected by healthcare associated infections because they are carried into the community by each patient with the infection.
As we see increases in bacteria like community acquired MRSA, that bacteria is carried back to each healthcare provider and the cycle continues.
• Patients have families that make up communities and schools and become a agar plate for bacteria to grow.
“Treanor T. (2012). How to create community using your blog,basicblogspottips.com
HAI has no boundaries
• One example is a 45 year old woman who had knee replacement surgery and contracted MRSA post op; after 3 years and 11 surgeries she is in a wheelchair; lost her home; her job ; part of her right leg and her independence.
• Anyone at any age who comes in contact with a healthcare provider can be a victim of a HAI.
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
What are HAI’s?
• An infection the patient contracts after having contact with a healthcare provider or facility they did not already have.
• It may result from a procedure such as a catheter or from overuse of antibiotics.
•
Association of Professionals in Infection Control (APIC).org
Healthcare associate infection, (2014). CDC center for disease control and prevention
What can be done?
• To prevent surgical site infections the first antimicrobial dose should begin within 60 min. before surgery and prophylactic antimicrobials should be discontinued within 24 hr after the end of surgery.
•
Bratzler,et.al. (2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical Infection
Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
MRSA
• For patients at high risk for MRSA carriage routine surveillance cultures at the time of admission is recommended.
• Use of vancomycin if MRSA colonization is documented. • MRSA infections result in increased cost, hospital stay and mortality.
•
• …show more content…
•
Niaid, (2011) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, flickr.com
Bratzler,et.al.
(2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical
Infection Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
Klevens,et.al. (2007) Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in the United States.
JAMA. 2007;298 (15);1763-1771.doi: 10.1001/jama.298.15.1763
Urinary Catheter use
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Patients/families are encouraged to:
Ask every day for the catheter to be removed and healthcare providers are encouraged not to use catheters unless absolutely necessary.
Ask their provider if their hands are clean prior to an exam.
Sneeze/cough in their elbow
Take meds as directed
Ask if bathing with germ killing soap before surgery is needed
Keep their hands clean
If you see dirt in your care area ask for it to be cleaned
Talk to family/friends about being good visitors- don’t visit if you are sick
•
Association of Professionals in Infection
(APIC).org
“Lin
M.(2010),Genitourinary,
Trick ofControl the trade
,aliem.com”
Hand hygiene
• Health care providers are expected and monitored for hand hygiene.
• Hand hygiene should occur:
• Before patient contact
• Before any procedure
• After fluid exposure risk
“Washing hands clip art,
(2015),street-fashion-trends.com
• After touching patient
• After touching patient environment
•
APIC.org
We won’t pay
• The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services
(CMS) denies payment for healthcare associated infections. • A catheter associated urinary tract infection is preventable and healthcare workers are expected to remove the catheter as soon as possible or not use it at all.
•
Wald & Kramer. (2007) Nonpayment for Harms Resulting From Medical Care Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.
JAMA. (2007)Vol.,298. ,No. 23
Health Disparity
• Typically the poor and undocumented will not seek medical care unless it is critical. If an encounter with a healthcare provider does not end well, or ends in a poor outcome, often they are not able to speak up and get the services they need.
• Delayed medical treatment results in emergent situations for healthcare providers, rushed care can cause errors to occur.
• The elderly and the young at most risk for healthcare related infections, but they can occur with the middle age and young adults.
• Fear of cost and deportment are a factor in delayed medical treatment.
•
Page-Reeves,et al. Health Disparity and Structural Violence: How Fear Undermines Health Among Immigrants at Risk for
Diabetes. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice Volume 6,Issue 2, 2013, pp. 30-48.
Resources
• Physicians are aware of the need to prevent infections that are a result of a healthcare encounter.
• Hospitals have a designated trained person who works to gather and report data related to their rate of healthcare associated infections; known as infection preventionists
• CDC.gov and APIC.org are wonderful websites
• In NC we also have Statewide Program for Infection
Control and Epidemiology (SPICE.unc.edu) where nurses are trained and gain certification in infection control work Organization
• Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC)
• Vision: Healthcare without infection
Mission: Create a safer world through prevention of infection
• Spreading knowledge. Preventing Infection.
• Offers certification in specialized field of work
• APIC.org
References(of data)
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
•
Association of Professionals in Infection Control (APIC).org
•
Healthcare Associate Infection(2014) CDC center for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from http:// www.cdc.gov/HAI/prevent/prevention.html •
Bratzler,et.al. (2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical Infection
Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
•
Wald & Kramer. (2007) Nonpayment for Harms Resulting From Medical Care Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.
JAMA. (2007)Vol.,298. ,No. 23
•
Page-Reeves,et al. Health Disparity and Structural Violence: How Fear Undermines Health Among Immigrants at Risk for
Diabetes. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice Volume 6,Issue 2, 2013, pp. 30-48.
References(of pictures)
• My love hate relationship with my therapist, (2011). Retrieved from https://odyg.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/mylovehate-relationship-with-my-therapist
• Carey, D.(2012) Family: Prayer and Unity, Retrieved from. http://dominguezfamilyevents.blogspot.com/2012/02/family-prayers-and-unity.html • Treanor T. (2012). How to create community using your blog, Retrieved from, http://basicblogtips.com/createcommunity.html
• Niaid, (2011) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/5614218718/
• Lin M.(2010),Genitourinary, Trick of the trade, Retrieved from, http://www.aliem.com/trick-of-the-trade-foley-balloonbe-gone/
• Washing hands clip art,(2015), Retrieved from, http://street-fashion-trends.com/washing-hands-clip-art
(HAI)
Presentation objective: Increase awareness of ways to prevent
Healthcare Associated Infections
Leann Bibbs
Sheila Gerald
Fnu Harvinder Kaur
Marcela Rodriguez
How HAI Costs?
Millions of Dollars
Much Pain and Suffering
Loss of Limb and Life
Are the leading cause of preventable deaths
•Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
Individual, Family and Community
• “The names of the patients whose lives we save can never be known. Our contribution will be what did not happen to them.”
(Donald Berwick,MD Former President and
CEO of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement.)
• Each individual affected by a HAI ripples throughout the family and community pain, …show more content…
cost and disappointment. Some is not a number. Soon is not a time, we have to stay the course of action to prevent pain and suffering.
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
Individual
• Each person who comes in contact with a health care provider deserves clean hands and clean equipment to be used to provide healthcare service. • Each individual affected by a healthcare associated infection has increased suffering pain and cost related to something they otherwise would not have had except for their healthcare encounter. My love/ Hate relationship with my therapists,(2011).
Family
• When one person is affected, the entire family is aware and affected in some way. A healthcare associated infection can cost the family time, money, and even a member can be lost to death.
Everything we do to one patient causes the entire family to be more aware of how the system works, good and bad.
“Carey, D.(2012) Family: Prayer and Unity,dominguezfamilyevents.blogspot.com”
Community
• Each community is affected by healthcare associated infections because they are carried into the community by each patient with the infection.
As we see increases in bacteria like community acquired MRSA, that bacteria is carried back to each healthcare provider and the cycle continues.
• Patients have families that make up communities and schools and become a agar plate for bacteria to grow.
“Treanor T. (2012). How to create community using your blog,basicblogspottips.com
HAI has no boundaries
• One example is a 45 year old woman who had knee replacement surgery and contracted MRSA post op; after 3 years and 11 surgeries she is in a wheelchair; lost her home; her job ; part of her right leg and her independence.
• Anyone at any age who comes in contact with a healthcare provider can be a victim of a HAI.
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
What are HAI’s?
• An infection the patient contracts after having contact with a healthcare provider or facility they did not already have.
• It may result from a procedure such as a catheter or from overuse of antibiotics.
•
Association of Professionals in Infection Control (APIC).org
Healthcare associate infection, (2014). CDC center for disease control and prevention
What can be done?
• To prevent surgical site infections the first antimicrobial dose should begin within 60 min. before surgery and prophylactic antimicrobials should be discontinued within 24 hr after the end of surgery.
•
Bratzler,et.al. (2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical Infection
Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
MRSA
• For patients at high risk for MRSA carriage routine surveillance cultures at the time of admission is recommended.
• Use of vancomycin if MRSA colonization is documented. • MRSA infections result in increased cost, hospital stay and mortality.
•
• …show more content…
•
Niaid, (2011) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, flickr.com
Bratzler,et.al.
(2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical
Infection Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
Klevens,et.al. (2007) Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in the United States.
JAMA. 2007;298 (15);1763-1771.doi: 10.1001/jama.298.15.1763
Urinary Catheter use
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Patients/families are encouraged to:
Ask every day for the catheter to be removed and healthcare providers are encouraged not to use catheters unless absolutely necessary.
Ask their provider if their hands are clean prior to an exam.
Sneeze/cough in their elbow
Take meds as directed
Ask if bathing with germ killing soap before surgery is needed
Keep their hands clean
If you see dirt in your care area ask for it to be cleaned
Talk to family/friends about being good visitors- don’t visit if you are sick
•
Association of Professionals in Infection
(APIC).org
“Lin
M.(2010),Genitourinary,
Trick ofControl the trade
,aliem.com”
Hand hygiene
• Health care providers are expected and monitored for hand hygiene.
• Hand hygiene should occur:
• Before patient contact
• Before any procedure
• After fluid exposure risk
“Washing hands clip art,
(2015),street-fashion-trends.com
• After touching patient
• After touching patient environment
•
APIC.org
We won’t pay
• The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services
(CMS) denies payment for healthcare associated infections. • A catheter associated urinary tract infection is preventable and healthcare workers are expected to remove the catheter as soon as possible or not use it at all.
•
Wald & Kramer. (2007) Nonpayment for Harms Resulting From Medical Care Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.
JAMA. (2007)Vol.,298. ,No. 23
Health Disparity
• Typically the poor and undocumented will not seek medical care unless it is critical. If an encounter with a healthcare provider does not end well, or ends in a poor outcome, often they are not able to speak up and get the services they need.
• Delayed medical treatment results in emergent situations for healthcare providers, rushed care can cause errors to occur.
• The elderly and the young at most risk for healthcare related infections, but they can occur with the middle age and young adults.
• Fear of cost and deportment are a factor in delayed medical treatment.
•
Page-Reeves,et al. Health Disparity and Structural Violence: How Fear Undermines Health Among Immigrants at Risk for
Diabetes. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice Volume 6,Issue 2, 2013, pp. 30-48.
Resources
• Physicians are aware of the need to prevent infections that are a result of a healthcare encounter.
• Hospitals have a designated trained person who works to gather and report data related to their rate of healthcare associated infections; known as infection preventionists
• CDC.gov and APIC.org are wonderful websites
• In NC we also have Statewide Program for Infection
Control and Epidemiology (SPICE.unc.edu) where nurses are trained and gain certification in infection control work Organization
• Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC)
• Vision: Healthcare without infection
Mission: Create a safer world through prevention of infection
• Spreading knowledge. Preventing Infection.
• Offers certification in specialized field of work
• APIC.org
References(of data)
•
Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100,000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org
•
Association of Professionals in Infection Control (APIC).org
•
Healthcare Associate Infection(2014) CDC center for Disease Control and Prevention, Retrieved from http:// www.cdc.gov/HAI/prevent/prevention.html •
Bratzler,et.al. (2004) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery: An Advisory Statement from the National Surgical Infection
Prevention Project. CID 2004:38
•
Wald & Kramer. (2007) Nonpayment for Harms Resulting From Medical Care Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.
JAMA. (2007)Vol.,298. ,No. 23
•
Page-Reeves,et al. Health Disparity and Structural Violence: How Fear Undermines Health Among Immigrants at Risk for
Diabetes. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice Volume 6,Issue 2, 2013, pp. 30-48.
References(of pictures)
• My love hate relationship with my therapist, (2011). Retrieved from https://odyg.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/mylovehate-relationship-with-my-therapist
• Carey, D.(2012) Family: Prayer and Unity, Retrieved from. http://dominguezfamilyevents.blogspot.com/2012/02/family-prayers-and-unity.html • Treanor T. (2012). How to create community using your blog, Retrieved from, http://basicblogtips.com/createcommunity.html
• Niaid, (2011) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/5614218718/
• Lin M.(2010),Genitourinary, Trick of the trade, Retrieved from, http://www.aliem.com/trick-of-the-trade-foley-balloonbe-gone/
• Washing hands clip art,(2015), Retrieved from, http://street-fashion-trends.com/washing-hands-clip-art