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Historia de La Ingeniería Industrial

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Historia de La Ingeniería Industrial
La ingeniería industrial es una rama de la ingeniería que se ocupa del desarrollo, mejora, implantación y evaluación de sistemas integrados de gente, dinero, conocimientos, información, equipamiento, energía, materiales y procesos. También trata con el diseño de nuevos prototipos para ahorrar dinero y hacerlos mejores. La ingeniería industrial está estrechamente identificada también con la gestión de operaciones, ingeniería de sistemas o ingeniería de manufactura: una distinción que parece depender del punto de vista o motivos de quien la use.
En los sistemas de producción anteriores al siglo XVIII muy pocos gerentes o dueños de empresa se preocupaban de las condiciones de trabajo y salarios de los obreros que se encontraban a su servicio. El salario que recibía un obrero, era de acuerdo a la estipulación de un precio para cada pieza u objeto que hubiera producido el obrero. Estos precios se encontraban generalmente por debajo de la capacidad de producción del individuo y por supuesto, los obreros tenían que trabajar más horas para obtener un salario que, a pesar de todo, era insuficiente para mantener condiciones mínimas de subsistencia. Con la venida de la Revolución industrial, el trabajo artesanal o rústico y la energía hidráulica se reemplazan por máquinas de vapor y de producción, estableciendo el sistema de fábricas las cuales congregaban un gran número de trabajadores lo cual creó la necesidad de organizarlos de manera lógica para la elaboración de productos.
A finales del siglo XVIII Frederick W. Taylor conocido como el padre de la Ingeniería Industrial estudió de manera científica los problemas de tiempo en la fábrica y popularizó el concepto de la eficiencia, obtención de un resultado deseado con el mínimo desperdicio de tiempo, esfuerzo y materiales. El Ingeniero Mecánico trabajó durante seis años en la Acería Midvale Steel Works en 1.888; se interesó en utilizar la investigación y experimentación científica para mejorar las operaciones de

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