History
BCE= Before common era (same as BC)
CE= Common Era (Same as AD)
Circa = around the time of, approximately – not exact date( abbreviated “ca” or “c”)
Chapter 1
* 4mil ya to 3500 BCE * Hominids * australopithecus 4mil ya * Homo Erectus 1.5 mil ya
Homo Sapiens 200 thousand ya * Paleolithic – Hunter/Gatherer * Paleolithic – “old stone age” – first hominids to 12,000 years ago; Hunters and Gatherers; Nomadic; No private property; Egalitarian- equal society; Gender-based labor; Had burials and “art” * Neolithic- “New Stone Age” – 12,000-6,000 years ago ; early permanent settlements; simple agriculture; domesticated animals - cows, goats, pigs; population increase; specialized crafts * Urban Life- (6,000 BCE) Larger, more complex than villages or towns; professions emerged; larger regions of influence; Began Civilizations in Tigris/Euphrates River valley (Irag) 4000-3500 BCE
Chapter 2
* Mesopotamia (3000-550 BCE) * The “Land between two rivers” * Sumer (southern Iraq, near Persian Gulf) * City of Ur – Elaborate architecture, palaces, temples, defensive walls, Ziggurats * 4000 BCE – First World Cities- in Sumer * 3000 BCE – pop. 100,000 – kings held absolute power/ authority * 2500 BCE – City-states emerge * 2350 BCE – Mesopotamian empires first emerge * Early Writing (starts 3500 BCE) * Pictographic (Mesopotamia ca. 3500 BCE) * Cuneiform (Mesopotamia- Sumer- ca. 2900 BCE) * Alphabetic (Phoenicians, ca. 1500 BCE) * Judaism ca. 2000- 1800 * Abraham- one of first followers of one god Monotheism (prophet- spread throughout Mediterranean and Egypt) * Driven out of Egypt by ca. 1300 * Ten commandments * Kingdom of Israel – 1029 BCE * Jerusalem- capital of Jews 950 BCE
Hittite Empire, ca 1450 BCE- chariot
Chapter 3
Nile- flows south to north, source is Lake Victoria
Early Egypt- Nile Valley 3000-2000 BCE * Cataracts- area with
CE= Common Era (Same as AD)
Circa = around the time of, approximately – not exact date( abbreviated “ca” or “c”)
Chapter 1
* 4mil ya to 3500 BCE * Hominids * australopithecus 4mil ya * Homo Erectus 1.5 mil ya
Homo Sapiens 200 thousand ya * Paleolithic – Hunter/Gatherer * Paleolithic – “old stone age” – first hominids to 12,000 years ago; Hunters and Gatherers; Nomadic; No private property; Egalitarian- equal society; Gender-based labor; Had burials and “art” * Neolithic- “New Stone Age” – 12,000-6,000 years ago ; early permanent settlements; simple agriculture; domesticated animals - cows, goats, pigs; population increase; specialized crafts * Urban Life- (6,000 BCE) Larger, more complex than villages or towns; professions emerged; larger regions of influence; Began Civilizations in Tigris/Euphrates River valley (Irag) 4000-3500 BCE
Chapter 2
* Mesopotamia (3000-550 BCE) * The “Land between two rivers” * Sumer (southern Iraq, near Persian Gulf) * City of Ur – Elaborate architecture, palaces, temples, defensive walls, Ziggurats * 4000 BCE – First World Cities- in Sumer * 3000 BCE – pop. 100,000 – kings held absolute power/ authority * 2500 BCE – City-states emerge * 2350 BCE – Mesopotamian empires first emerge * Early Writing (starts 3500 BCE) * Pictographic (Mesopotamia ca. 3500 BCE) * Cuneiform (Mesopotamia- Sumer- ca. 2900 BCE) * Alphabetic (Phoenicians, ca. 1500 BCE) * Judaism ca. 2000- 1800 * Abraham- one of first followers of one god Monotheism (prophet- spread throughout Mediterranean and Egypt) * Driven out of Egypt by ca. 1300 * Ten commandments * Kingdom of Israel – 1029 BCE * Jerusalem- capital of Jews 950 BCE
Hittite Empire, ca 1450 BCE- chariot
Chapter 3
Nile- flows south to north, source is Lake Victoria
Early Egypt- Nile Valley 3000-2000 BCE * Cataracts- area with