History Essay
WEEK 10: 2nd CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD and CUP (1908-1918)
CUP’s SUPERVISORY GOVERNMENT (1908 to 1913)
II. Mesrutiyet, or 1908 Revolution:
➢ Restoration of constitution and parliament again ( Kanun-I Esasi, 1876) ➢ actions against Abdulhamid to restore the constitution and parliament by CUP
Background and characteristic of CUP: ➢ was founded as an underground organization ➢ product of new EU’s style education, school ➢ Turkism, Youth, the rulling class, education, bourgeoisie attitude and ideals. ➢ restoration of the constitution was perceived as the success of CUP in Balkans and success of Abdulhamid in Anatolia and Arab provinces. ➢ according to Ottoman tradition, until 1913 CUP did not have any grand vizier in the system.however they were powerful by imposing government. ➢ peki neden Abdulhamid hemen tahttan indirilmedi ? 1. Lack of power, Hamidian symbols, strong public support
➢ there were two sides: 1. Ahmet Riza: Positivism ¢ralization 2. Prince Sabahattin: Liberals & decentralization and finally Abdulhamid accepted to declare constitution and parliamentary system again.
Political Opposition to CUP and Background of the 31 March Incidence
After the Kanun-I Esasi was restored, there were some oppositions groups to CUP
1. ALAYLI
They were uneducated soldiers, risen from ranks. They were favored by Sultan Abdulhamid because of their loyalty not merit. After the restoration all high rank officers were from Unionist, many lower rank soldiers lost their positions.
2. OSMANLI AHRAR PARTISI supported by Prince Sabahattin, aim was to sustain decentralization and caliphate. they were organized against CUP manipulating Islam.
3. LOWER RANKING ULEMA & SHEIKS the idea based on Pan-islamism, closer relations with Kadi, muftu and sheiks. but, with the new regime this group was not happy with the idea of secularism. in 1908, they show their
CUP’s SUPERVISORY GOVERNMENT (1908 to 1913)
II. Mesrutiyet, or 1908 Revolution:
➢ Restoration of constitution and parliament again ( Kanun-I Esasi, 1876) ➢ actions against Abdulhamid to restore the constitution and parliament by CUP
Background and characteristic of CUP: ➢ was founded as an underground organization ➢ product of new EU’s style education, school ➢ Turkism, Youth, the rulling class, education, bourgeoisie attitude and ideals. ➢ restoration of the constitution was perceived as the success of CUP in Balkans and success of Abdulhamid in Anatolia and Arab provinces. ➢ according to Ottoman tradition, until 1913 CUP did not have any grand vizier in the system.however they were powerful by imposing government. ➢ peki neden Abdulhamid hemen tahttan indirilmedi ? 1. Lack of power, Hamidian symbols, strong public support
➢ there were two sides: 1. Ahmet Riza: Positivism ¢ralization 2. Prince Sabahattin: Liberals & decentralization and finally Abdulhamid accepted to declare constitution and parliamentary system again.
Political Opposition to CUP and Background of the 31 March Incidence
After the Kanun-I Esasi was restored, there were some oppositions groups to CUP
1. ALAYLI
They were uneducated soldiers, risen from ranks. They were favored by Sultan Abdulhamid because of their loyalty not merit. After the restoration all high rank officers were from Unionist, many lower rank soldiers lost their positions.
2. OSMANLI AHRAR PARTISI supported by Prince Sabahattin, aim was to sustain decentralization and caliphate. they were organized against CUP manipulating Islam.
3. LOWER RANKING ULEMA & SHEIKS the idea based on Pan-islamism, closer relations with Kadi, muftu and sheiks. but, with the new regime this group was not happy with the idea of secularism. in 1908, they show their