Preview

History Of King Leopold II Of Belgium: The Real Rubber Bandit

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1139 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
History Of King Leopold II Of Belgium: The Real Rubber Bandit
The real Rubber Bandit, a brief history of King Leopold II of Belgium.

“A people which is content with its homeland and which dreads even a shadow of conflict lacks the characteristics of a superior race” (Ewans, n.d.)

This is a briefly summarise King Leopold the second’s domestic region as well as the atrocities he bestows when he ruled what was then known as The Congo Free State.

King Leopold the second of Belgium, the second son of Leopold the first and Louise of Orlèans was the longest ruling monarch of the country staying in power for forty-four years. Widely known for his private colonisation of the Democratic Republic of Congo, he kick started the rubber revolution while invertible causing the death of between one and fifteen million
…show more content…
Leopold’s domestic region was one held in high regard by the people of the nation. He legislated many monumental laws, one of which was the “Frère Orban Law”. Named after the prime minister, Walthère Frère Orban. This law Established neutral national schools across the country which were funded communities as well as receiving assistance from the local government, while catholic schools received no support at all. However, four years later the Catholic Church regained a majority vote and re-instated funding for their schools. (Cook, n.d.)
Leopold also passed laws allowing workers to form unions as well as laws against child labour. The child labour laws were monumental at the time. They said children younger twelve years old were not allowed to work in factories, children under sixteen were not allowed to work at night time and women and children under 21 were not allowed to work underground. Although laws in Britain were passed restricting work hours of similar labourers in 1833 and 1842 Britain did not follow suit with such laws until 1966. (domain,
…show more content…
The museum was split into two parts to showcase the exploits of the Congo free state. The Interior was for displaying the recourses of the colony while the surrounding park land was used to showcase Congolese culture, to help with this Leopold moved 267 native Congolese to Belgium to stage a native village. All of which was privately paid for by the King behind the backs of the citizens of the country. (Arke,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Adam Hochschild's "King Leopold's Ghost" is a lost historical account starting in the late 19th century continuing into the 20th century of the enslavement of an entire country. The book tells the story of King Leopold and his selfish attempt to essentially make Belgium bigger starting with the Congo. This was all done under an elaborate "philanthropic" public relations curtain deceiving many countries along with the United States (the first to sign on in Leopold's claim of the Congo). There were many characters in the book ones that aided in the enslavement of the Congo and others that help bring light to the situation but the most important ones I thought were: King Leopold, a cold calculating, selfish leader, as a child he was crazy about geography and as an adult wasn't satisfied with his small kingdom of Belgium setting his sites on the Congo to expand. Hochschild compares Leopold to a director in a play he even says how brilliant he is in orchestrating the capture of the Congo. Another important character is King Leopold's, as Hochschild puts it, "Stagehand" Henry Morton Stanley. He was a surprisingly cruel person killing many natives of the Congo in his sophomore voyage through the interior of Africa (The first was to find Livingston). Leopold used Stanley to discuss treaties with African leaders granting Leopold control over the Congo. Some of the natives he talked to weren't even in the position to sign the treaties or they didn't know what they were signing. And probably the most influential person in the book, E.D. Morel. Morel, an employee of a Belgian company that handled shipments to the Congo, noticed that the shipments coming to and from the Congo seemed really suspicious.…

    • 591 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Document 2-1, “The King of the Congo Writes to the King of Portugal,” addresses King Joao III of Portugal from King Alfonso of Congo about how important Congo relies on their trade system with Portugal. King Alfonso mentions how his power of authority in the kingdom has fallen as materials are becoming scarce, in hopes that the Portuguese will provide them with the necessary goods. Congo’s community is heavily revolved around their Christianity faith, though individuals have caused a loss on God, as many turn into thieves and taking part in evil trade. As King Joao III continues to ignore King Alfonso’s requests, Congo is corrupted with chaos, diseases, a decline in christian faith, and slave trade. In addition, King Joao has added to the corruption…

    • 361 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    “A little more than a quarter of a century ago, a great genius for evil, having achieved in rapid succession a series of diplomatic master strokes, stretched out to reach the scepter which was to give him power over life and death of over 20 million human beings.” This great genius for evil, King Leopold II, was commonly known for the atrocities he committed in the Congo Free State. Leopold’s ability to gain control over the lives of the Congolese was due to the deceit and use of persuasion over head powers for a lucrative business. Specifically, in the Congo Free State, King Leopold II’s approach to governing, in an effort to gain the most profit, lead to violent atrocities and the deaths of many natives.…

    • 1015 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    colony of Belgium; trading stations established in 1879, and Leopold II was given control of the Congo; the Belgian rulers savagely treated the indigenous peoples in their quest for rubber and ivory; Leopold's incursion into Congo basin raised the question of the political fate of black Africa (south of the Sahara); as did Britain's conquest of Egypt…

    • 1304 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Government scandal is no shocking news, constant new conspiracies and power plays are all too frequently covered by the media for such a thing to be a surprise. The biggest scandal is covering up their own actions. Too much history is covered up by governments around the world. Selfishly, they hide their own shameful history to keep a good name and to stay in good graces with their subjects. In his final chapter of King Leopold’s Ghost, Adam Hochschild conveys how the transgression of the Flemish to the Congolese was erased. How is it that the people of both the Congo and Belgium have completely forgotten the horrors their predecessors endured and committed? For every secret that is uncovered, how many more are…

    • 587 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    What occurred in the Congro, Hochschild writes, is “no worse than what happened in neighboring colonies” (Hochschild 280). The shocking realization that the reader is left with is that King Leopold’s Ghost was not a story about one evil man, but a single instance of the perils of colonialism that were all to common during this time. By allowing the reader to observe and understand the what happened in the Congo at a granular level, Hochschild underscores the importance of the historical context in which these events were occurring…

    • 779 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Throughout his reign as the King of the Belgians, Leopold II both followed and went against some of the ideas Niccolo Machiavelli lists in “The Prince”. One of the first things Leopold II did when he came into power in 1865 was pulling Belgium into neutrality in Europe due to recent shifts in the European balance of power. This goes against what Niccolo Machiavelli says in “The Prince” about what a prince must do to be esteemed. “A prince can also win prestige by declaring himself an ally of one side of a conflict. Neutrality alienates both the victor and the loser” (Machiavelli). He tells us in this quote that a prince should choose a side when making allies instead of staying neutral. He claims that the victor will see the nation as a “doubtful friend” while the loser will see them as a coward. Since Belgium was seen as a powerless country in Europe at the time, it probably would have been wise of him to choose a side with either France or Germany since they bordered Belgium and could have taken over at any time. In an instance where Leopold II did follow Machiavelli’s ideas, he lied in the Brussel’s Conference in 1876 by saying that by expanding into the Congo Free State, he was only “promoting scientific exploration of Africa for the advancement of knowledge and for the economic benefit of all humanity” (Blumberg, 161). Machiavelli states that “a prince who honors his word is generally praised by others”, but at the same time, he should be a master of deception by learning “how to fight both with laws and with force” (Machiavelli). Therefore, the best of all princes is one that keeps his promises, but knows when it’s the right time to lie. In this case, Leopold lied at the conference so that he could receive the Congo for his own benefit. Since Belgium was a Constitutional Monarchy in which the king had very little power over domestic affairs, he really didn't do much that would have affected the lives of his people directly. Therefore, by getting the Congo to…

    • 596 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    ,geographers at the royal palace in Brussels (1876). Several years later he hired Henry Morton Stanley to be his right-hand man in Africa. For half a decade, Stanley traveled the Congo setting up posts, building roads, and persuading chiefs─practically all being illiterate─to sign treaties with Leopold. The treaties, some of which doctored to Leopold’s benefit, were then put to use by the Belgian monarch (Britannica). Rubber was booming during that time, and the Congo free estate had one lucrative source of wild rubber, and it was the Landolphia vines in the Central African rainforest.…

    • 1409 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Supporting Evidence #1: “However, he licensed companies that brutally exploited Africans by forcing them to collect sap from rubber plants. At least 10 million Congolese died due to the abuses inflicted during Leopold's rule.”World history: Patterns of interactions. (2009). p#774…

    • 678 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    I a Congolese and a Congo chief ask the countries that signed the Berlin Act of 1885 and Congo civilians to now take action on choices made involuntary and with no choice, an action made to keep hold of any aspect of power. It is time to stick up to king Leopold and refuse his so-called act of kindness and not allow him to take control.…

    • 66 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Congo Free State, later named the Democratic Republic of Congo, drastically changed in 1876 when it was first colonized by King Leopold of Belgium. The colony of the Congo Free State was ruled solely by King Leopold, who used it for his own personal advancement. He took advantage of the country's well-known sources such as rubber. King Leopold of Belgium took all profits made off of the resources for himself and left the native people with nothing. In addition, King Leopold enslaved these natives and treated them poorly. They were forced to do hard and dangerous labor and if they did not meet the King’s standards, they could be killed. While the inhabitants of the Congo Free State could not do much to retaliate against the King, other countries…

    • 1007 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Belgium saw them as an easy target with big profits and imperialized. Belgium, as a western nation, also agreed to the ideas of Social Darwinism, the belief that the white European was better than the rest of the people in the world, chiefly based on their physical features. Simply put, they were racist. Most Europeans fell into this belief, but the Belgian people took this to an extreme. They enslaved the native people of Congo in their own country and forced work upon them. Quotas and taxes were created to ensure certain amounts of raw materials were gathered and harsh punishments were put into action for those who didn’t complete or meet their requirements. According to Mark Twain, “The amount of rubber needed to meet the tax requires the men to work for up 25 days each month harvesting the wild rubber vines in the Congo forest” [3]. According to this that would leave only 5 days a month for “regular” life for the Congolese people. They did not have the time or resources to educate themselves, make money, or to develop. In 1908 the Belgian government gave the natives better treatment, by taking away the direct ownership of the nation from Leopold and they made it an official colony of the Belgian government [4]. This decision came through by putting humanitarian pressure put on King Leopold. Conditions improved, schools, hospitals, and roads were built, but the cruelty and racism was still their because of the history they had of it. Also, the punishment, crimes, and cruelty was all that the people understood because they were forced to live in it their entire lives, and it was a hard to shift back. Even in today’s world, this industrialization and these policies have left a scar on the Congos. In both the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic Of Congo there is still political unrest and constant violence. On December 17, there were 22…

    • 1768 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Whether it was for tires or waterproofing clothes, all Leopold knew was that there was a demand, and Leopold could provide it. Unlike other African and Asian countries that were attempting to catch up with the rubber boom, the Congo already had matured rubber trees, so Leopold wanted to stay ahead of the game while he still could (Hochschild 159). While in the past workers could be chained together and whipped to make them obey, rubber trees were scattered across the forest and vines were located in spots that required careful scaling of trees, so a new strategy had to be used (Hochschild 160). Making rubber was a difficult, painful process involving travelling deep into the forest in a desperate search for vines, cutting them open and waiting for the vines to tap, and then spreading the rubber syrup across one’s body to make the rubber dry; and the Congolese eventually realized this long, difficult process really wasn’t worth their effort. Europeans disagreed, knowing the potential profit, and established a forced labor system in the Congo (Hochschild 161). European soldiers would arrive in a village and then take the wives and children of the villages as hostage, refusing to give them back until the men met a rubber quota. Once enough rubber was collected to satisfy them, the soldiers would sell the women back for a few goats or other small…

    • 1705 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    It was the time that the genocide reached its peak. Hundreds of thousands Congolese were forced to work in the forests. Those who did not follow the order were killed or amputated. During the reign of Leopold, 10 million Congolese were murdered. Edmund Dene Morel, a prominent British journalist who witnessed the atrocities in the Congo, described what the king had done to the Congolese: Thus, with a stroke of the pen, King Leopold abolished the rights of the natives to the land and its products; thus he swept away their liberty, and the liberty of others, to trade in rubber and ivory; thus he reduced a population of millions of free men and women to virtual slavery; thus he arrogated to himself and his friends the absolute ownership of the…

    • 1261 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Palmer Notes

    • 426 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Francis II – succeeded Leopold II. More inclined than Leopold to yield to clamors of old aristocracy. Resumed neogtiations with Prussia.…

    • 426 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays