History of Philippines (Theories)

I.THEORIES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE PHILIPPINE ARCHIPELAGO
1.1 Pacific Theory * By Beily Willis (geologist) * Occurs 200 million years ago in Pacific Ocean ( Eastern Region of Asia) * When volcanoes erupted continuously . (volcanism) * Japan,Taiwan,Indonesia, Solomon islands and new Zealand (pacific ring of fire) * 250 volcanoes in said countries and 22 active volcanoes in Phil.
1.2 Asiatic Theory * By Dr. Leopoldo Faustino * Diastrophism (deformation of Major feature of earth’s crust) * 2 process: Upfolding and upthrust
1.3 Continental Drift Theory * By Alfred Wegener ( German Meteorologist and Geologist) * Pangea ( All Earth) * There was a Big Mass of Land called Pangea and In Jurassic Period It start to separate into 2 Land: Gondwanaland and Laurasia * Gondwanaland is the southern hemisphere while Laurasia is the Northern * It is said that the South America is connected to Africa. They have the same shape * Cretaceous Period is the end of moving of land masses.
II. GEOGRAPHY AND RESOURCES 2.1 Landforms * There are many mountains and mountain ranges in Phil. * The longest Mountain ranges in the phil. Is Sierra Madre. * The highest Mountain is Mt. Apo (2, 954 m) * There are 50 volcanoes in our country * Famous volcanoes are Taal Volcano (Tagaytay),Mt. Pinatubo (Zambales),Mt.Mayon (albay). * Taal volcano is said to be the most dangerous volcano when it erupted in 1911, and 1,335 casualties are recored. * Mt.Pinatubo is listed to Book of world records in 1991 when it has thick ashes that covers the Zambales and Pampanga, and also dangerous when it rains because the ashes became the Lahar. * Mt.Mayon is the tourist attraction because inspite of its often eruption it still maintain its perfect cone shape. * Cagayan Valley is the largest valley in our country. * The most famous hill is chocolate hills in Bohol. * The Grannery of the Philippines is the Gitnang Kapatagan ng Luzon. * The Taong Tabon was found in a Cave in Palawan with bones, relics and old treasures . * The famous terraces is the Banaue Rice Terraces in Ifugao.
2.2 Water Forms * Philippine Sea is the Largest sea in our country. * Bashi and Balintang channel separates Philippines and Taiwan while Canigao channel separates Bohol and Leyte. * The largest lake is Laguna Lake, Taal lake is also a well known lake because it is where the Taal volcano can be found. * The Bay in Philippines is where the ships landed. * The Subic Bay is where the war ships of America landed when they have a military base in our country. * The Manila de bay is the famous bay in our country, and this is where the commercial ships landed.Also known for a beautiful scenery when it is sunset. * The largest rivers in our country are Agno River, Cagayan and Pampanga in Luzon and Agusan and Mindanao River. * Pasig River is also a well known river. * The famous falls are Pagsanjan Falls and Maria Cristina Falls. * Spring is said to be a treatment for people with skin diseases. (heat) * Pasal Spring and Tiwi Spring are known for healing sick people. 2.3 Flora And Fauna * There are 220 Types of animals. * Most of Unique animals can be found in our country * Tamaraw ( dwarf Carabao ) –Mindoro * Tarsier (smallest Monkey) –Bohol * Calamian Deer (smallest Deer) –Palawan * Phil.Eagle (2nd Largest Eagle)- King of The Phil. Birds * Harpy Eagle (1st largest Eagle) * Katala (phil. Cockatoo) * Tridacna Gigas (largest Shell ) (600 lbs) * Pisidium (smallest Shell) less than 1 mm. * Tabi’os (smallest Vertebrae) * Pandakapygmea (smalles fish) * Whale shark (largest Fish) * 10,000 species of flowering plants * 1000 varities of orchids * Waling-waling (Queen of the Phil. Orchids) * Narra is the famous tree (National Tree) * Mangrove Swamp Trees

III.THEORIES OF THE ORIGIN OF FILIPINO PEOPLE 3. 1 Theory Of Wave Migration * By Otley Beyer ( archeologist) * The Dawn Men came first in Phil. With the help of landbridges. They also brought mammoths and rhinos with them. They lived in caves and rocks and they also used rough stones. * Their relics and bones were found in Rizal and Bulacan. * 2nd is the Negritos. (12,000-15,000 yrs) they used the landbridge in Palawan and Mindoro. * They are small, dark, curly hair and with thick lips. They also use bows, sumpit and rocks. They lived in a house made of branches and leaves. * 5000- 6,000 yrs ago, Indonesian A came with the help of their wooden boat. The Ice starts to melt and the water started to rise and the landbridge sinks. * These people are tall and ‘balingkinitan’. They Lived in a house made of grasses and woods. They used axe made of stone, they made dress with animals skin and trees. * Then Indonesian B came (2,500 yrs). They are small but having big bodies than Indonesian A. * They lived in a house with a triangular shape of roof. Their dress also have decorations. They also used wooden objects and start planting rice , crops etc. * Ifugao’s (800-500 BC). They made the Banaue Rice Terraces and they also used metals and copper. They know hot to melt metals. * Then 2 yrs after, Malay came with the help of their wooden boat (balangay). They came from Borneo. They are Kayumanggi, with dark and straight hair and with a normal people height (sapat). * They are good at pottery making, making mirrors and metals also with sewing and stitching. They also made baskets and bed mat. They use carabao and horses to help them in their work.
3.2 Theory of Evolution * By Charles Darwin (made Origin of species) * 3 types of evolution: Homo habilis, homo erectus and homo sapiens * Hominid ( animals with 2 legs,pre human) * Mary Leakey (1970, British Archeologist). They found in region of Laetolia in Tanzania –east Africa the Australopithecine (wide forehead and large jaw).They also found footprints. * Donald Johansen- He found a female hominid( 3.8 ft, can walk straight) in Ethiopia. An Australopithecus and named it Lucy. * Louis Leakey,husband of Mary Leakey. (1959).He found a fossil in Olduvai George, North Tanzania and named it as Homo Habilis (people with skills). * Zijanthropus (type of homo habilis) – it can walk straight, 4 ft and having more intelligence because they used rocks as an object to cut meat. * Homonid in east Africa (1.6 million yrs) The reign of Homo erectus.They can stand and walk straight. The fossils was found at Java Indonesia (1891, by Eugene Dubois, a dutch scientist). * The teeth fossils was found at Zhoukoudian in China, 1922-1928. * Another type is peking man (found in Peking now called Beijing). * Homo sapiens (human being with Thinking skills and knowledge) * 2 types are Cro-magnon and Neanderthal Man. * Cro-Magnon was found in Europe.The first fossil was found in Cro Magnon cave in France (1868). * Neanderthal (from Neander Valley In Germany, 1829). They have their own ritual for the dead people, also they are creative because they draw and curve animas in cave (cave paintings).They ave arts, culture and beliefs.