History of Singapore

This essay integrates and revises material from Kwa Chong Guan, "From Temasik to Singapore: Locating a Global City State in the Cycles of Melaka Straits History" in Miksic, John & Low, Cheryl-Ann (eds) Early Singapore 1300s to 1819: Evidence in Maps, Texts and Artefacts p125-139, De Coutre’s Proposal for a fort on Singapore and Sentosa, c.1625 (A/Prof Peter Borschberg’s website at www.borschberg.sg), and Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City by, p19-82, The Free Dictionary by Farlex, 2009, www.thefreedictionary.com

1 definition of strategic obtained from www.thefreedictionary.com
2 C. A. Gibson attempted to answer Raffles Professor of History Wong Lin Ken claim that “no historian has yet adequately explained why Singapore failed to be a major trading centre before the nineteenth century in Kwa Chong Guan, "From Temasik to Singapore: Locating a Global City State in the Cycles of Melaka Straits History" in Miksic, John & Low, Cheryl-Ann (eds) Early Singapore 1300s to 1819: Evidence in Maps, Texts and Artefacts
3 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p32
4 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p52
5 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p74
6 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p74
7 De Coutre’s Proposal for a fort on Singapore and Sentosa, c.1625 (A/Prof Peter Borschberg’s website at www.borschberg.sg)
8 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p77
9 Kwa Chong Guan, Derek Heng and Tan Tai Yong (2009) Singapore: A 700-Year History, From Early Emporium to World City, p78
10 Kwa Chong