History of Western Music
History Of Western Music
Chapter #1 Direct unison-everyone in an ensemble sings the music together Antiphony-alternations of groups of singers Responsorial-alteration of soloist and group of singers Contrafactum-take a set melody and replace existing lyrics with new ones Gregorian chant- also known as : “Carolinian chant”, monophonic, limited melodic range, unmeasured rhythm, based on modes : Syllabic-one note per syllable Neumatic-2-6 notes per syllable Melismatic-many notes per syllable Strophic-same music for each line of changing text Liturgy- the text of the Mass, this text was used for Gregorian chants Ordinary Mass- 5 prayers that always represent the Mass; • Kyrie=Lord • Gloria=Glory • Credo=I Believe • Sanctus=Holy • Agnus Dei=Lamb of God Proper Mass- prayer that alternates for particular days or services • Introit=introduction • Gradual=walking down the steps, transition music • Offertory=during the offering Incipit-beginning text Cantor-person leading the songs, chants, prayers Finalis-root/tonic note Subfinalis-notes on the lines on the scale Chironomy-contour of pitches, first indication of music notation, oral tradition Heterophony-singing a monophonic song, then repeating with embellishments (not counterpoint) Polyphony-the combination of two or more independent lines of music, originated in Paris, France/ known as Organum Organum-earliest known polyphony Parallel Organum-two parts moving in either parallel 4ths or 5ths below the chant, occasionally one or both parts double at octave (organum triplum/duadruplum), sometimes parts move from and return to unison/ consonances=unison, 4th‘s, and 5th’s Plainsong OR Vox Principalis-other terms now used for Gregorian Chant Vox Organalis-the added voice in a Gregorian Chant/Plainsong/Vox Principalis
Free Organum-parts moving in contrary, parallel, similar, or oblique motion, increased the variety of sounds, added more independence to the counterpoint than
Chapter #1 Direct unison-everyone in an ensemble sings the music together Antiphony-alternations of groups of singers Responsorial-alteration of soloist and group of singers Contrafactum-take a set melody and replace existing lyrics with new ones Gregorian chant- also known as : “Carolinian chant”, monophonic, limited melodic range, unmeasured rhythm, based on modes : Syllabic-one note per syllable Neumatic-2-6 notes per syllable Melismatic-many notes per syllable Strophic-same music for each line of changing text Liturgy- the text of the Mass, this text was used for Gregorian chants Ordinary Mass- 5 prayers that always represent the Mass; • Kyrie=Lord • Gloria=Glory • Credo=I Believe • Sanctus=Holy • Agnus Dei=Lamb of God Proper Mass- prayer that alternates for particular days or services • Introit=introduction • Gradual=walking down the steps, transition music • Offertory=during the offering Incipit-beginning text Cantor-person leading the songs, chants, prayers Finalis-root/tonic note Subfinalis-notes on the lines on the scale Chironomy-contour of pitches, first indication of music notation, oral tradition Heterophony-singing a monophonic song, then repeating with embellishments (not counterpoint) Polyphony-the combination of two or more independent lines of music, originated in Paris, France/ known as Organum Organum-earliest known polyphony Parallel Organum-two parts moving in either parallel 4ths or 5ths below the chant, occasionally one or both parts double at octave (organum triplum/duadruplum), sometimes parts move from and return to unison/ consonances=unison, 4th‘s, and 5th’s Plainsong OR Vox Principalis-other terms now used for Gregorian Chant Vox Organalis-the added voice in a Gregorian Chant/Plainsong/Vox Principalis
Free Organum-parts moving in contrary, parallel, similar, or oblique motion, increased the variety of sounds, added more independence to the counterpoint than