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HIV/AIDS and Women

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HIV/AIDS and Women
Table of Content
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Page
Table of content
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1
1. Introduction
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2
2. HIV/AIDS
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2
3. HIV/AIDS and women
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2
4. Special signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS in women
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3
5. Vulnerability of women to AIDS
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3
6. The challenges that HIV/AIDS infected women faced
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4
7. Transmission of HIV to women
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5
8. Global distribution of HIV/AIDS among women
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5
9. The impact of HIV on women
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7
10. Prevention
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9
11. HIV treatment
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9
12. Prevention Challenges
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11
13. The Global Response to HIV/AIDS
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11
14. The Global Coalition on Women and AIDS
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12
15. Women and HIV related MDGs, its target and impact of HIV to achieve the target
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13
16. HIV/AIDS and women in Bangladesh
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14
17. Conclusion
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16
References
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18

1. Introduction:
Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus. The first cases were reported in 1981. HIV not only affects the health of individuals, it impacts households, communities, and the development and economic growth of nations.

2. HIV/AIDS:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (slowly replicating retrovirus) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate or breast milk. There are two types of HIV- HIV-1 and HIV-2. (HIV 1: spread in worldwide, found in chimpanzees and gorillas; HIV 2: confined primarily in West Africa, found in Sooty Mangabeys).

Genetic Research indicates that HIV originated in west-central Africa during the early twentieth century. AIDS was first recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) in 1981 and its cause—HIV infection—was identified in


References: CDC (March, 2013), Fact Sheet on HIV Among Women, Retrieved from:www.cdc.gov/hiv CDC (August 2008) Fact Sheet: HIV/AIDS among Women Retrieved from: The World Bank (February, 2009), HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh: Dhaka: The World Bank UNAIDS (2012), Women out loud: How women living with HIV will help the world end AIDS, USA: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) UNAIDS / UNFPA / UNIFEM (2004), Women and HIV/AIDS: Confronting the Crisis, Kolkata: UNAIDS, UNFPA and UNIFEM UNFPA (2003), The impact of HIV/AIDS: A Population and development perspective, New York: UNFPA UNICEF (March, 2009), HIV and AIDS in Bangladesh, Dhaka: UNICEF UNODC HIV/AIDS Programme (July 2006), HIV/AIDS prevention and care for female injecting drug users, Australia: UNODC, V.06-55812—July 2006—500 World Health Organization. (2004b). Violence against women and HIV/AIDS: Critical intersections. Information Bulletin Series, 1, 1-9. World Health Organization. (2005). WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women. Geneva, SZ: Author. Retrieved from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/924159358X_eng.pdf
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