Homeostasis Research Paper

Homeostasis is the control of internal conditions, be it temperature, specific blood conditions or other variables within living organisms, the purpose of homeostasis is to provide a consistent internal environment for set processes to occur. The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones and release them into the blood, they cause certain reactions to occur in specific tissues. The endocrine system affects a large number of the body’s functions, including, metabolism, sexual function, reproduction, moods, and development. (dummies.com) The urinary system is the main excretory system and consists of 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, the bladder and the urethra. The system plays a vital part in homeostasis of water and electroltes in
the body. The urinary system is extremely important in balancing the composition of blood and tissue fluid.

The body is started by a singular cell called the zycote cell, it contains all the essential factors for human development. The zycote cell subdivides into many smaller cells through the process mitosis. Cells are made up of plasma membrane which encloses organelles. Organelles are small organs which have individual and specialised functions. All cells with the exception of red blood cells have a nucleus, the nucleus is the largest organelle and contains the body’s genetic material. Cells are the body’s smallest functional units, grouped together they form body tissue. There are four main tissues in the body, epithelium (protects and absorbs), muscle (body movement, moves blood, food and waste), connective (wraps and cushions organs, stores nutrients, provides internal organ support and gives strength) and nervous tissue (conducts impulses to and from the body via neurons). Body tissues form organs which in turn form systems.
The cardiovascular system has two main parts, the heart and the blood vessels.
The heart lies in the thoratic cavity, organs associated with the heart are inferiorly, the hearts apex rested on the tendon of the diaphragm, superiorly, the great blood vessels, posteriorly the oesophagus, trachea and the left and right bronchus, laterally, the lungs and anteriorly the sternum and ribs. (Waugh& Grant 2014). The heart provides a constant blood circulation action and the blood vessels provide a network for the blood flow. The heart is the pump responsible for maintaining adequate circulation of oxygenated blood around the vascular network of the body, ( www.le.ac.uk) the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs (pulmonary circulation) and the left side receives oxygenated blood and supplies it to the rest of the body (systemic circulation). There are three types of blood vessel, arteries, capilleries and veins. Blood is pumped from the heart through the arteries at high pressure which could damage the tissue so it needs to go through the capillaires which are smaller low pressure blood vessels that are responsilbe for providing oxygen to the tissues, they also absord excess carbon dioxide and then deliver the blood into the veins which then supply the blood back to the heart. The heart generates its own electrical impulses, it does not rely on any other external mechanisn to make it beat. A normal heart rate is 60-80 times per minute, factors which can decrease or
increase heart rate are: gender, exercise, emotions, general health and temperate.

The respiratory system is primarilriy comprised of the airways, the lungs and the muslces which help the air to move in and out of the lungs.
It provides oxygen whilst removing carbon dioxide. The airwauy begins with the nose and the mouth, continues down into the throat, into the bronchi that eventually feed into the lungs. The term respiration means the exchange of gases between body cell and the environment (Waugh & Grant 2014). After absorbing oxygen, the blood leaves the lungs and is carried to your heart. Your heart then pumps it through your body to provide oxygen to the cells of your tissues and organs. As the cells use the oxygen, carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed into the blood. Your blood then carries the carbon dioxide back to your lungs through the capillaries, where it is removed from the body when you exhale.Breathing supplies oxygen and elimates carbon dioxide. Our lungs inflate drawing in air between around 12 to 20 times a minute, as breathing brings oxygen into the body while carbon dioxide is exhaled.

The respiratory system and cardiovascular system are intricately intertwined in a complex manner, relying on one another to perform their physiological functions. Only together can they keep the body functioning through the transportation of gases and other elements. As a general rule, they are directly related, meaning when one system speed ups, the other system accompanies in an increased level of function and vice versa. Each part of the human
body is engineered to do a job and for each job there is a particular structure engineered to do it.