Five main categories of players and Role of the players
• (Media)
Marketing, Advertising, Showing the destination to others, Reporting, Forming opinions among the visitors and locals, Educate visitors about destination
• Local community residents
Especially in developing countries: locals are actively involved in the provision of tourism and also its planning and management. It provides a voice for those directly affected by tourism; make use of local knowledge to ensure decisions are well informed.
• Government
Represent the taxpaying citizens and their opinions. Organize tourism. Market tourism (international promotion of landmarks)
Establish general laws, rules, regulations and environmental policies. Educate tourists about culture.
• The tourism industry
Been accused of: Being mainly concerned with short term profit, rather than long-term sustainable profit. Exploit environment.
Do not raise awareness of tourists about sustainability.
Owned by big transnational corporations
Market destination( with 4 P), bring tourism to destination, provide goods and services to tourists, employ locals and foreigners,
Save environment, save local culture
• NGOs (volunteer organizations)
• Visitors
Cause major problems, blames for negative consequences, Responsibilities such as: obey local laws and regulations, no illegal activities, do not offend religious rules, do not harm physical environment, minimize scare local resources.
Rights: to be save from crime and terrorism, not to discriminated against, not to be exploited, fair marketing of products, save and clean environment, free movement
Elements of planning
Process of decision making
Directed toward the future
Enables a community to determine what they want to be and how to get there
Sets goals and priorities
Involves
◦ choices/decisions
◦ politics
◦ bargaining/compromise
◦ Values
Encompasses
◦ Formation
◦ Supervision
◦ Revision