Many young people also became part of the Fascist movement as they enjoyed the violence and the excitement of it, all which contrasted with their dull everyday lives. The movement grew rapidly, going from 80,476 members to 218,453 in 1921 in just 9 months. However this didn’t make a huge difference in the number of votes they received, as they went…
Why Did Fascism Rise in Europe During the 1920s? Could It Have in the 1930s Us?…
The liberal Italian Government faced many problems in the period between 1896 to 1915; Italy was in a political, economical and social state and was being held back in many ways because of this. Giolitti brought promising progress to Italy but could not solve all of the problems the government faced by 1915.…
After the First World War countries throughout Europe were left to repair themselves from the damages done by the war. Societies were ruined, citizens killed, cities destroyed, and economies collapsed. It seems like although the allies managed to win the war, there was no real winner. Everyone who was involved in World War I had to experience the chaos that it invoked. One of the many countries that took a large hit from the war was Italy. Unfortunately Italy experienced a large post war economic crisis. The country had a scarcity of raw materials, disrupted international trade, and ended the wartime system of allied cooperation. If that wasn’t enough, Italy faced even more problems with industrial demobilization. There was a budget deficit, inflation was through the roof, and unemployment was higher than ever. Italy also went through a post war political crisis. These problems started with the introduction of proportional representation in 1919. Proportional representation is a voting system used to elect a council or national assembly. Each party receives a number of seats in the council proportionate to the number of votes they received. This new system destroyed prewar political balance in Italy. It also weakened the power of the Liberal Party and caused a growth of the Socialists and Catholics in Italy. Overall proportional intensified the political conflict in Italy and made it much harder for political alliances to occur. It was the political and economic crisis that caused Italy to experience the “Red Years.” From 1919-1920 Italy was bombarded with large-scale strikes over working conditions and wages. Also, peasant leagues and Agrarian Unions challenged the control of large landowners. Italian elites and middle classes started to fear a widespread working class revolution, as the Socialist Party gained 2 million votes and 156 seats in parliament.…
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born little did his parents knew that they created a monster. Mussolini was born in December 12, 1879. He went to a catholic school and made many crimes in school, he would hurt other children he stabbed a kids hand, he knifed his girlfriend. At church he would pinch people to make them cry. Those were just things he did as a little boy.…
Benito Mussolini was the leader of the Fascist Party in Italy and he had always resisted codifying the principle of fascism, but when the Enciclopedia Italiana requested an article explaining fascism, he insisted on giving his process behind the way a country should be runned. The explanation of the principle of fascism was “The Doctrine of Fascism” published in 1932. Fascism is the idea of giving interest in economic, social, and military power to a dominant race or state lead by one leader. Fascism is used to categorize censorship and oppression. Benito believed in one ruler and all the other political parties were banned in Italy. In Italy everything was made to favor the fascist government. But Benito helped society by providing jobs to unemployed people by using public work camp. Fascism brought a better economy after the war but…
Mussolini’s father, Alessandro, was a part-time socialist journalist who raised his son to follow socialist values, and even took Mussolini to socialist party meetings. Mussolini was seemingly raised to get into politics, and would eventually become an active socialist himself. In 1912, Mussolini became an editor for a newspaper called “Avanti!”, and used his position and influence to further spread socialist principles. Mussolini quickly gained popularity among his readers, and circulation for the newspaper doubled. Initially opposed to Italy’s intervention in World War One, Mussolini changed his mind when he was influenced by Karl Marx’s decree that social revolution usually follows war. Due to being publicly in favor of the war, he was expelled from the Socialist Party, and would shortly after volunteer to fight in the war. As a sharpshooter, Mussolini was quickly promoted to Corporal, however was forced to resign after suffering an injury in battle. At the end of his military career, Mussolini quickly entered politics; however had different ideologies then previously. Mussolini advocated the placement of a dictator, someone with the power to resolve the economic and political issues that was impacting Italy at the…
Many similarities exist between German fascism, or Nazism, and Italian fascism. For example, both fascist movements were brought into power after facing very similar problems. One of the major problems that both countries encountered was a post-war economy teeming with instability. Germany's fragile economy was undermined by widespread unemployment, hyperinflation, and burdensome reparation payments, while Italy's economy was just as delicate. In addition, the Great Depression brought both countries even further into economic collapse. Another problem that brought about fascism in the two countries was post-war peace settlements, especially the Versailles Treaty. While the Germans were exasperated by the exorbitant reparation payments forced upon them by the Allies, the Italians felt betrayed by the peace settlements for denying them the territory and status they deserved. Another problem that the two countries faced was their dissatisfaction with their existing governments. Many Germans were disgruntled with the Weimar Republic for signing the humiliating Treat of Versailles, while many Italians were apprehensive of the chaos within their parliamentary regime. Lastly, widespread fear of revolutionary upheaval and the expropriations of a Communism system also caused many Germans and Italians to identify with fascism.…
In Mussolini 's youth, Italy was experiencing domestic instability due to the election of new parties to Parliament. The majority left-wing socialists were so fragmented that they could come to no compromises and caused Parliament to remain stagnant. The people of Italy were fed up with a king who did nothing, a Parliament that could pass nothing, and a corrupt lower government. Mussolini started his political career as a socialist, and even wrote for a socialist newspaper (all copies of which strangely disappeared from Italian libraries upon Mussolini 's ascension to power), but soon realized that there was more popular support for a party on the right. A very few fascist groups had been formed in Italy, but no official party had yet emerged. Mussolini used his journalistic influence, and a great deal of propaganda, to bring people 's opinion into line with his own and to gain prestige in the community. Mussolini later claimed that he created the fascist party, and could therefore destroy it if he so desired. Stalin also joined the socialist party, but unlike Mussolini remained a member until his death. Socialism was already a well-established political party in Russia led by V. I. Lenin (1870-1924) himself. Stalin maneuvered himself close to Lenin and eventually gained his favor, although not without opposition. Hitler rode the wave of…
The Italian government was not genuine political power until Benito Mussolini took control of the Italian government in 1922. Under Mussolini, Italy turned into totalitarian government where political rivals were killed or quieted to continue their supreme reign. This made numerous things happen to Italy's social and monetary issues. The first of these issues was the brought down expectation for everyday comforts of the Italian populous. The general population lost their workers right and their wages were brought down by the administration. Mussolini recognized that the expectation for everyday comforts had gone down however clarified it by saying that the Italian were not used to such comforts anyway,. Something else the Fascist government caused was an increased birth-rate in Italy. Mussolini needed women to have more children so he could make a bigger armed force later on. Along these lines, he felt that he could have a vast armed force when he was prepared to go to war for more land. Mussolini utilized strategies much like the communists in that he had add up to control over all the Italian people and could have individuals executed at whatever point he needed. Italy, be that as it may, was by all account not the only nation to fall under Fascism. Germany received this type of government just it was called national socialist party. Its leader was Adolf Hitler and it called itself the Nazi party. The Nazi party varied marginally from Mussolini's government in that the Nazi's were all the more racially biased and trusted that it was their destiny to make the world subject to the superior German people. They were especially cruel to the Jewish, which was demonstrated after they began to exterminate every one of the Jews inside central Europe after world war II…
Mussolini was a very popular leader and an ally of Adolf Hitler, whom he inspired with his actions. Because of his actions, time came when Hitler became more popular and had more power than Mussolini, and this resulted in some major conflicts between Italy and Nazi Germany. “Mussolini became a close ally of German dictator Adolf Hitler, whom he influenced. However, he never enjoyed the level of popular support that Hitler at times attracted in Germany, and as soon as it was clear to the people of Italy that they were losing the war, they turned against the dictator.” (“Benito Mussolini”). Mussolini was a very charismatic person enabling him to influence Hitler, and these actions had later consequences involving the people of…
When Benito Mussolini concluded his violent and semi-legal seizure of power in Italy on the 29th October 1922, the Fascist era began in victory as crowds of Blackshirts rushed to the capital to celebrate their leader. The aim of this essay is to explain the Fascists’ rise to power in Italy. Thus, whilst the highly repressive nature of Fascism cannot be understated, this essay will focus solely on Italy before Mussolini seized control. Why was Italy the first European country to succumb to Fascism? What factors in her development meant that people were willing to toss aside liberal parliamentary democracy…
In his early years at the helm of the NSDAP, Hitler was a great admirer of Mussolini. The Nazi leader was particularly fascinated with Mussolini’s ‘march on Rome’ – a 1922 protest where thousands of fascists and fascist supporters strode into the Italian capital, which led to Mussolini’s appointment as prime minister. In 1923 Hitler wrote to his Italian counterpart about the ‘march on Rome’; the Munich putsch…
Another reason which can be linked back to the point before is that the Italian people were tired of the weak liberal government. The liberals had been in power since the 1860s and had shown their weakness due to being neutral on every matter of importance. This led factory owners and industrialists to turn to the fascist party as the liberals did nothing about the workers strikes.…
The rise of Fascism in Italy contributed to World War II because of it’s militaristic and nationalistic nature. When the Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919, Italy, which had suffered 2,197,000 soldiers either wounded or killed, but claimed to not get the territory or status that it deserved. This caused parliamentary instability within Italy, which gave Benito Mussolini a place to promote a form of government that would provide a scapegoat of the political and economic chaos in Italy, Fascism. One of the main goals that fascism promised to the people is the “conception of the State, its character, its duty, and its aim.” (Document #7). Depending on how dedicated the people were to the state determined their status. This pressure that was placed upon nationalism was not new in Europe, for the beginning of Germany’s movement to National Socialism, or Nazism, was beginning in the 1920’s, and on October 28, 1922, Il Duche and his Fascist followers did the March on Rome, and on November 9, 1923, the Beer Hall Putsch was Hitler’s attempt at a revolution, attempting to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, and Germany. This militaristic and nationalistic form of government contributed to World War II, but Italy was not the only country in Europe with this radical political ideology.…