How Did Ibn Khaldun Define Medicine?

1. How did ibn Khaldun define medicine?
Ibn Khaldun identified this science as an industry that considers human body in terms of sickness and heath, so specialists in this career will try to preserve the heath and cure the illness by drugs and foods after they recognize the diseases that are related to every organ in the body and the reasons that cause those diseases and the medication associated with them.
2. Before modern medicine, Arabs knew two different types of medicine, what kinds of medicine they knew?
Arabs knew in pre-Islamic epoch what we call today "Arabic medicine". We still practice it in the treatment of a lot of diseases. Muslims knew Prophetic medicine with details narrated after the Prophet (pbuh).
3. How did Arabs see Greek
What was the medicine book that European considered their holy book and was published sixteen times?
One of the most famous medicine books was "al.Qanun fi al.Tibb" (the canon of medicine) by Avicenna. It was printed in Latin fifteen times in Europe and once in Hebrew. It was to them the holy book in medicine uncontested in European universities until the mid- seventeenth century.
5. Summarize Arab achievements in surgery.
Muslims gave special attention to anatomy and surgery since the days of Avicenna. They knew the nervous system, and realized that the apparent senses have centers in the brain. One of the easiest surgeries they used to run skillfully was Cataract Extraction Surgery which is considered significant nowadays. European physicians had no idea about real medicine before they started to translate Arabic books into their languages in mid-twelfth century.
6. Who was the real discoverer of the pulmonary circulation?
The scientist physician Ala'uddin ibn Al.Hassan Al.Dimashqi ibn Al.Nafees (born in the Levent 1210 AD) was the first to describe the pulmonary circulation. That was mentioned in his book "Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon".
7. How did the world know the real discoverer?
They succeeded to fissure the Trachea (respiratory track) and halt main arteries bleeding before "Pare' with six hundred years! Arab and Muslim scientists established the foundations of eyes' medicine and surgery; they were the first to render surgery a science with fundamental concepts and established rules. They gave attention to treat diseases that attack children. Many of them were distinguished in Fetal Medicine and genetic disorders and how to treat