How Did Lenin Add To Imperialism
October 17, 2010
Chapter 17 (13-24) History Part II/B … Russian Revolution
Citation: from "A History of the Modern World" by R.R Palmer
13. Explain Lenin’s view on the “party”? Lenin’s view on the “party”: He demanded strong authority at the top, by which the central committee would determine the doctrine (or “party line”) and control personnel at all levels of the organization. He thought the party would strengthen itself by purges, expelling all but the most fundamental disagreements. He stood for the rigid reaffirmation of Marxian ideas and fundamentals- dialectical materialism and irreconcilable class struggle.
14. What did Lenin add to Marxism? He developed and transformed it into a first-rank element of Marxism certain theories of “imperialism” and of the “uneven development of capitalism, that is captilism that …show more content…
had been propounded in only general terms by marx and Engels. In his Marxist-Lenin view, imperialism was exclusively a product of monoly capitalism, that is, capitalism in its big business, “highest,” and “final” stagge, which develops diffently and at different times in each country. It signifies being bent on exporting surplus capital and investing it in underdeveloped areas for greater profits. 15. Identify: a. Plehv- chief minister that hoped tat a short successful war with Japan would create more attachment to the government b. Father Gapon: Priest who the police allowed to go among the St. Petersburg Factory workers and organize them, hopin thus to counter the propaganda revolutionaries; took up the grievances in all seriousness, believed, as simple peasants only recently transplanted to the city, that if only they could reach the ear of the Little Father, the august being high above all hard capitalists and stony officials, he would hear their complaints with shocked surprise and rectify the evils that afflicted Russia c. Soviets: institutions that supported values representative of the mass majority in Russia d. October Manifesto- promised a constitution, civil liberties, and a Duma to be elected by all classes alike, with powers to enact laws and control the administration e. Kronstadt- port at which the soviets continued to see the local strikes went on and there were mutinies among soldiers in addition to in the Black Sea Fleet.
16. Why did the Revolution of 1905 fail? The government was able to maintain itself against the Revolution of 1905. With the middle-class liberals now inactive or demanding order, the authorities arrested the members of the St. Petersburg Soviet. Peace was hastily made with Japan, and reliable troop units were recalled from the Far East. The revolutionary leaders fled back to Europe; or again went underground, or were caught and sent to prison or to Siberia; executions were carried out in the countryside.
17. How did Nicholas II take power away from the Duma? He announced in 1906 that the Duma would have no power over foreign policy, the budget, or government personnel.
18. What two groups were against the constitutionalism? Why? Who were the Blacks Hundreds? The two groups against constitutionalism were the stubborn upholders of pure autocracy and the Orthodox church. This was because they were against impervious liberal constitutionalism because They made up the Black Hundreds. They terrorized the peasantry and urged them to boycott the Duma. Social Revolutionaries and (The Bolshevik and Menshevik wing of the Social Democrats).
19. What did the “Cadets” want? What was the response of the Tsar? They wanted true universal male suffrage and the responsibility of ministers to a parliamentary majority. The tsar’s response was to dismiss the Duma after two months.
20. Was the Duma successful between 1907 & 1916? The second Duma came to an end when the government denounced and arrested some fifty socialists as revolutionaries bent only on destruction. The 3rd Duma was elected after an electoral change that gave increased representation to the landed propertied class and guaranteed a conservative majority. The third and fourth were successfully as the deputies, by following the lead of the government, by addressing themselves only to concrete issues, by losing themselves in committee work, and by avoiding the basic question of where supreme power lay, kept precariously alive a modicum of parliamentary institutions in the tsarist empire.
21.
Describe the Reforms of Stolypin: His aim was to build up the propertied classes as friends of the state. He believed that a state actively supported by widespread private property had little to fear from doctrinaire intellectuals, conspirators, and emigrants. He therefore favored and broadened the powers of the provincial zemstvos, in which the larger landowners took part in administering local affairs. For the peasantry he put through legislation more sweeping than any since the Emancipation. He wanted to replace the ancient institution with a regime of private individual property. He abolished what was left of the redemption payments for which the mirs had been collectively rights and to leave the common at will. He authorized peasants to buy land freely from the communes, from each other, or from the gentry. He thus favored the rise of the class of “big farmers,” the later kulaks who obtained control of large tracts, worked them with hired help, and produced cash crops for the market. He created a mobile labor force and a food supply raised by big farmers, which advanced the industrialization of
Russia.
22. Who did not like his reforms & why? Reactionary circle disliked his tampering ways and his Western orientation. Social Revolutionaries naturally cried out against dissolution of the communes. Even Marxist, who should in theory have applauded the advance of capitalism in Russia, feared that Stolypin reforms might do away with agrarian discontent.
23. What happened to Stolypin? The Tsar, reactionaries, and the Social Republicans and Social Democrats opposed his ideas. In 1911, a Social Republican, perhaps, a secret police agent, assassinated him.
24. Describe the Russian Empire on the eve of the First World War. Russia was westernizing, with industry, railroads, the spread of private property, and development of a limited free press. The desperation of the ultra-conservatives made them more willing to allow a world war to develop. Finally, revolutionary parties declined and their leaders were sent into exile. How Ho
Chapter 17 (13-24) History Part II/B … Russian Revolution
Citation: from "A History of the Modern World" by R.R Palmer
13. Explain Lenin’s view on the “party”? Lenin’s view on the “party”: He demanded strong authority at the top, by which the central committee would determine the doctrine (or “party line”) and control personnel at all levels of the organization. He thought the party would strengthen itself by purges, expelling all but the most fundamental disagreements. He stood for the rigid reaffirmation of Marxian ideas and fundamentals- dialectical materialism and irreconcilable class struggle.
14. What did Lenin add to Marxism? He developed and transformed it into a first-rank element of Marxism certain theories of “imperialism” and of the “uneven development of capitalism, that is captilism that …show more content…
had been propounded in only general terms by marx and Engels. In his Marxist-Lenin view, imperialism was exclusively a product of monoly capitalism, that is, capitalism in its big business, “highest,” and “final” stagge, which develops diffently and at different times in each country. It signifies being bent on exporting surplus capital and investing it in underdeveloped areas for greater profits. 15. Identify: a. Plehv- chief minister that hoped tat a short successful war with Japan would create more attachment to the government b. Father Gapon: Priest who the police allowed to go among the St. Petersburg Factory workers and organize them, hopin thus to counter the propaganda revolutionaries; took up the grievances in all seriousness, believed, as simple peasants only recently transplanted to the city, that if only they could reach the ear of the Little Father, the august being high above all hard capitalists and stony officials, he would hear their complaints with shocked surprise and rectify the evils that afflicted Russia c. Soviets: institutions that supported values representative of the mass majority in Russia d. October Manifesto- promised a constitution, civil liberties, and a Duma to be elected by all classes alike, with powers to enact laws and control the administration e. Kronstadt- port at which the soviets continued to see the local strikes went on and there were mutinies among soldiers in addition to in the Black Sea Fleet.
16. Why did the Revolution of 1905 fail? The government was able to maintain itself against the Revolution of 1905. With the middle-class liberals now inactive or demanding order, the authorities arrested the members of the St. Petersburg Soviet. Peace was hastily made with Japan, and reliable troop units were recalled from the Far East. The revolutionary leaders fled back to Europe; or again went underground, or were caught and sent to prison or to Siberia; executions were carried out in the countryside.
17. How did Nicholas II take power away from the Duma? He announced in 1906 that the Duma would have no power over foreign policy, the budget, or government personnel.
18. What two groups were against the constitutionalism? Why? Who were the Blacks Hundreds? The two groups against constitutionalism were the stubborn upholders of pure autocracy and the Orthodox church. This was because they were against impervious liberal constitutionalism because They made up the Black Hundreds. They terrorized the peasantry and urged them to boycott the Duma. Social Revolutionaries and (The Bolshevik and Menshevik wing of the Social Democrats).
19. What did the “Cadets” want? What was the response of the Tsar? They wanted true universal male suffrage and the responsibility of ministers to a parliamentary majority. The tsar’s response was to dismiss the Duma after two months.
20. Was the Duma successful between 1907 & 1916? The second Duma came to an end when the government denounced and arrested some fifty socialists as revolutionaries bent only on destruction. The 3rd Duma was elected after an electoral change that gave increased representation to the landed propertied class and guaranteed a conservative majority. The third and fourth were successfully as the deputies, by following the lead of the government, by addressing themselves only to concrete issues, by losing themselves in committee work, and by avoiding the basic question of where supreme power lay, kept precariously alive a modicum of parliamentary institutions in the tsarist empire.
21.
Describe the Reforms of Stolypin: His aim was to build up the propertied classes as friends of the state. He believed that a state actively supported by widespread private property had little to fear from doctrinaire intellectuals, conspirators, and emigrants. He therefore favored and broadened the powers of the provincial zemstvos, in which the larger landowners took part in administering local affairs. For the peasantry he put through legislation more sweeping than any since the Emancipation. He wanted to replace the ancient institution with a regime of private individual property. He abolished what was left of the redemption payments for which the mirs had been collectively rights and to leave the common at will. He authorized peasants to buy land freely from the communes, from each other, or from the gentry. He thus favored the rise of the class of “big farmers,” the later kulaks who obtained control of large tracts, worked them with hired help, and produced cash crops for the market. He created a mobile labor force and a food supply raised by big farmers, which advanced the industrialization of
Russia.
22. Who did not like his reforms & why? Reactionary circle disliked his tampering ways and his Western orientation. Social Revolutionaries naturally cried out against dissolution of the communes. Even Marxist, who should in theory have applauded the advance of capitalism in Russia, feared that Stolypin reforms might do away with agrarian discontent.
23. What happened to Stolypin? The Tsar, reactionaries, and the Social Republicans and Social Democrats opposed his ideas. In 1911, a Social Republican, perhaps, a secret police agent, assassinated him.
24. Describe the Russian Empire on the eve of the First World War. Russia was westernizing, with industry, railroads, the spread of private property, and development of a limited free press. The desperation of the ultra-conservatives made them more willing to allow a world war to develop. Finally, revolutionary parties declined and their leaders were sent into exile. How Ho