After the abolition of slavery in the United States, three Constitutional amendments were passed to grant newly freed African Americans legal status: the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery, the Fourteenth provided citizenship, and the Fifteenth guaranteed the right to vote. In spite of these amendments and civil rights acts to enforce the amendments, between 1873 and 1883 the Supreme Court handed down a series of decisions that virtually nullified the work of Congress during Reconstruction. Regarded by many as second-class citizens, blacks were separated from whites by law and by private action in transportation, public accommodations, recreational facilities, prisons, armed forces, and schools in both Northern and Southern states.…
The 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, as well as the doctrine of incorporation, promised the citizens of the United States, which now included former slaves, equal protection under the law. However, the true outcome of the Constitutional amendments that were produced during the Civil War Era had limited influence on producing equality, due to the lack of federal enforcement of the Amendments to the states. The 13th Amendment states "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Passed on January 31st 1865, this amendment formally abolished slavery.…
The time from 1865 - 1877 was called the Reconstruction period. Abraham Lincoln started planning for the reconstruction of the South during the Civil War, he wanted to bring the Nation back together as quickly as possible and in 1863 he offered his plan for Reconstruction which required that the States new constitutions prohibit slavery. In January 1865, Congress proposed an amendment to the Constitution, which would abolish slavery in the United States. On December 18, 1865, Congress ratified the Thirteenth Amendment formally abolishing slavery. The freed slaves still didn’t have citizenship and wanted wages, real estate, and voting rights. Black codes were adopted to regulate or inhibit the migration of free African-Americans to the mid-west. Southern legislatures passed laws that restricted the civil rights of the emancipated former slaves. Other states quickly adopted their own versions of the codes, some of which were so restrictive that they resembled the old system of slavery such as forced labor for various offenses. Congress passed an act in March 1865 to establish the Freedmen’s Bureau, which was organized to provide relief and assistance to the former slaves, including health services, educational services, and abandoned land services. In 1866, the Civil Rights Act was passed by Congress, which outlined a number of civil liberties including the right to make contracts, own and sell property and receive equal treatment under the law. Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment in 1867. The amendment was designed to provide citizenship and civil liberties to the recently freed slaves. The first Reconstruction Act was passed by Congress in March 1867. Five military districts each under the leadership of a U.S. general were carved out in the south and new elections were held which allowed the vote to black males. In addition to the Reconstruction Acts, Congress also passed a series of bills in 1867 to limit President Johnson’s power,…
In 1865, following the defeat of the Confederate States of America in the Civil War, the United States entered a time of despair known as the Reconstruction period. This period is commonly remembered for the advancement of rights given to African American citizens. Two monumental advancements in the fight for racial equality were the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments. While the fourteenth amendment "guaranteed equality before the law" for blacks, the fifteenth amendment granted suffrage, the right to vote, to black men.…
The 15th amendment granted all MEN the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous account of servitude. Yes that’s great and all but woman still didn’t have this right but that’s coming later. After ratification of the trio amendments, former slaves were now allowed to seek work outside of their masters’ bidding.…
In 1865, Amendment Thirteen of the United States was ratified. The article states that all slaves residing in the nation or any of its corresponding territories are deemed emancipated. (Document A) Though the article does publicly mandate emancipation, it fails in successfully granting freedom to previous slaves. Southern states imposed “black codes” upon the newly freedmen. These diminishing codes restricted various activities and behaviors of the black community. Many included the prevention of interracial marriage, black testaments against whites in court of law, and jobs outside of agriculture. Clearly, the Thirteenth Amendment was not strictly imposed upon the once rebellious southern states. Three years later, congress decided to enact another article that would annul the previously mandated Dred Scott Decision of 1957, which states that blacks could not be legal citizens. This newly established document was titled the Fourteenth Amendment. The amendment itself stated that all persons born or naturalized in the…
Another famous female African American activist for women's rights of the time was Harriet Tubman, known for her role in the so called Underground Railroad21 and for being the first woman to lead a military raid in US history during the Civil War.22…
A political change that emerged from the Civil War was the fact that African Americans were granted citizenship. The 14th amendment provided this new establishment and Africans Americans were permitted life, liberty, property and under the protection of law (Constitution). However this new addition to the Constitution was not favored in the south. Southern leaders passed laws that implemented literacy tests, voting fees, and other requirements to disregard the progress federal government has made.…
That is when the Fifteenth Amendment steps in. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude—. The Fifteenth Amendment allowed anyone of color to vote for the first time in American history. The biggest reason for the Fifteenth Amendment to come to surface is due to the fact that the Republicans desired to entrench its power in the North and South. Shortly after, the measure was passed by Congress on February 26th, 1869 and was quickly ratified by 3/4th’s of the states on February 3rd, 1870.…
The 15th amendment stated than any male citizen, regardless of color, or past servitude, could vote, and that the states could not deny them this. Having the right to vote was a huge victory for Blacks. White Americans, especially those in politics, could no longer ignore them, since their vote could decide who became Governor, Senator or even President. This gave Black people a lot of power bot socially, and politically. The fact that people who were once enslaved could vote, also helped developed an argument for women to gain suffrage, which occurred 50 years later. The 15th amendment was a major step toward equality, and was a huge win for the United States, even if people during the 1870’s could not see that at the…
Amid the era of reconstruction, amendments were added to the United States Constitution in an effort to inaugurate equality for recently freed African American slaves. These three newly adapted laws were known as the reconstruction amendments, listed as the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments. The establishment occurred between the years of 1865 to 1870. Additionally these amendments were referred to as the Civil War Amendments due to the fact that they were constructed and ratified succeeding the end to the Civil War. The attempt at reconstruction was in pursuit to fix a country, broken from war, and help united the north and the south that presented resistance. The Civil War had ultimately altered the American nation, leaving behind a broken civilization in need of guidance and innovation. The history of the reconstruction amendments and their intentions shaped today’s society and how the United States exists today.…
The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments were measures taken by the American government to ensure equal right after the civil war. The thirteenth amendment was declared to abolish slavery. The fourteenth guaranteed equal protection for everyone and the fifteenth guaranteed equal voting rights regardless of race. Together these are known as the Civil War Amendments. To a certain extent these amendments had an impact because it presented blacks with many opportunities.…
In 1865, the Union won the American Civil War. Slavery had been abolished and three new amendments were written. The thirteenth amendment stated that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." The fourteenth amendment grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" including all former slaves. And lastly, the fifteenth amendment allowed "the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of…
Freedom did not come easy for the former slaves of the United States of America. Racism was still highly prevalent in the process of ratifying the 13th Amendment and even more afterwards. Times were hard before they had a voice and only got harder after they were considered a part of the country. Former slaves had to defend themselves in order to survive in the country for the reason that no one else would. After the 13th Amendment was ratified on January 31, 1865, former slaves used political, social, and economic means to secure civil rights and economic power.…
As the bill later became the fourteenth amendment, it grants citizenship and protections from laws for all persons born in the United States, including former slaves who just got freed. (5) The fourteenth amendment has played a big role in the reconstruction as it protected African Americans’ rights in life and moved the society forward. The last amendment passed in the Reconstruction was the fifteenth amendment, permitting all citizens the right to vote despite of their race. (6) Nevertheless, it did not offer such right to…