How Did Supporters Of Annexation Of The Philippines

Munkhtsetseg Ariunaa Dr. Lancaster HIS-132-FJB01 October 8th, 2024 Exam 1: Debating the Annexation of the Philippines Part 1: Comparing Secondary Sources What problems in society did supporters of annexation think American control of the Philippines would solve? Nell Irvin Painter's view on annexation was majorly driven economically. The U.S., with its problem of overproduction in both agriculture and industry, required foreign markets to stabilize the economy. The country produced more than the domestic market could consume, and control over the Philippines was seen as a gateway to Asian markets, especially China. Painter adds that the expansionists saw it as a region to be economically exploited, even to the point when Manila was being described
retention of the Philippines does each senator offer? In his 1899 State of the Union address, McKinley argued that abandoning the Philippines would create chaos and anarchy, and it was the duty of the U.S. to civilize the islands. Such is rooted in a form of paternalism whereby he sees the U.S. as a benefactor bringing "liberty" and "order" to Filipinos, thus aligning with Hoganson's point about American imperialists being civilizers (McKinley, 1899). Lodge's speech follows the retention argument on an economic line. He speaks to the natural resources of the islands, the fertility of the land, and the hope of higher levels of trade and market access to Asia, particularly China. This supports the argument of Painter that economic motives were central to annexation (Lodge, 1900). Beveridge's speech is highly racialized and paternalistic, declaring Filipinos incapable of self-government due to their "oriental" and "savage" nature. He demands that the U.S. should govern them, couching annexation within a greater plan or mission to uplift "inferior" races. This resonates with Hoganson's discussion of imperialists viewing themselves as masculine civilizers and helps within the cultural narrative of the U.S. "manfully" taking on the responsibility to govern others (Beveridge, 1900). In his speech, Roosevelt combines economic and cultural arguments in emphasizing both the material benefits of developing the Philippines and bringing American industries to the islands while underlining the moral duty to raise the Filipinos to a higher standard of living consistent with the civilizing mission. This is in tune with both Painter's and Hoganson's arguments, as it blends economic and cultural reasons for annexation (Roosevelt,