How Did the Vietnam War Change American Society and Politics
Jackie Robinson Changes a Country
Baseball is a game that is popular on the international scale. Furthermore, in many countries this game is regarded as a "national pastime." Moreover, this game is considered to be rather democratic: unlike football and basketball, it is accessible to different people undependably on their height or weight. There are several versions of the game’s origin. In England, it is believed that the game has been known since the mid-18th century. It was the time when Little entertaining pocket book was published (1744). It contained an article called "baseball" with an illustration. The Americans are sure that baseball is their invention, in particular the invention of their Civil War hero Abner Dabldeya from Cooperstown (NY) or Alexander Cartwright (NY), the founder of the Knickerbocker, the first baseball club1. It is likely that baseball was rooted in such well-known American games like "townball", "roundball", or "Massachusetts Game". All these games had similar rules, but differed a little in players’ positions on the field and the distance between them. Cartwright decided that a team should be consisting of 9 people. He established some other measures like the size of the field and others. All his decisions were considered to be a set of the first rules2. The first official game between the New York Nike and the Knickerbocker was held in June 1846 in New Jersey. In 1868 the National Baseball Players Association was founded on the initiаtive of 22 clubs. In 1867, the USA already had over 300 baseball clubs. The League supported itself from time to time charging fans for watching the games. The first professional baseball league was formed in 1871. At the beginning of 20th century almost all cities of the U.S. East Coast had its own professional baseball team. Teams were grouped into two leagues - the National and American. As well, baseball can be distinguished as professional and amateurish. 1. Charlton. The Baseball
Baseball is a game that is popular on the international scale. Furthermore, in many countries this game is regarded as a "national pastime." Moreover, this game is considered to be rather democratic: unlike football and basketball, it is accessible to different people undependably on their height or weight. There are several versions of the game’s origin. In England, it is believed that the game has been known since the mid-18th century. It was the time when Little entertaining pocket book was published (1744). It contained an article called "baseball" with an illustration. The Americans are sure that baseball is their invention, in particular the invention of their Civil War hero Abner Dabldeya from Cooperstown (NY) or Alexander Cartwright (NY), the founder of the Knickerbocker, the first baseball club1. It is likely that baseball was rooted in such well-known American games like "townball", "roundball", or "Massachusetts Game". All these games had similar rules, but differed a little in players’ positions on the field and the distance between them. Cartwright decided that a team should be consisting of 9 people. He established some other measures like the size of the field and others. All his decisions were considered to be a set of the first rules2. The first official game between the New York Nike and the Knickerbocker was held in June 1846 in New Jersey. In 1868 the National Baseball Players Association was founded on the initiаtive of 22 clubs. In 1867, the USA already had over 300 baseball clubs. The League supported itself from time to time charging fans for watching the games. The first professional baseball league was formed in 1871. At the beginning of 20th century almost all cities of the U.S. East Coast had its own professional baseball team. Teams were grouped into two leagues - the National and American. As well, baseball can be distinguished as professional and amateurish. 1. Charlton. The Baseball
References: Charlton. The Baseball Chronology: The Complete History of the Most Important Events in the Game of Baseball. Macmillan, 1991. Denenberg. Stealing Home: The Story Of Jackie Robinson. Scholastic Paperbacks, 1990. IBAF. International Baseball Federation. http://www.ibaf.org/en/infopage-detail.aspx?id=1d4801fb-6d5e-42c9-9ca6-37e5b85396b8 (accessed 24 March 2011). Natambu. The Life and Work of Malcolm X. Indianapolis: Alpha Books, 2002. Porterfield, Jason. Baseball: Rules, Tips, Strategy, and Safety. Rosen, 2007. Robinson, Jackie. I Never Had It Made: An Autobiography of Jackie Robinson. Harper Perennial, 2003. The History of Baseball. http://www.rpi.edu/~fiscap/history_files/history4.htm (accessed 24 March 2011).