There are five different aspects of development from birth to 19 years. Which are; physical, cognitive, social and emotional, communication and moral. Physical development is divided into two skills, fine motor and gross motor. Each of the aspects of development are linked to one another and can affect each of the developments. Using these five aspects of development can aid to observe a child’s development holistically.
Birth to three months
Physical development
A new-born baby will show a number of involuntary moments, called primitive reflexes, which are displayed by certain stimuli. These tend to be replaced by intentional responses at about three months as their brain will become active and
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Their language will improve at this age as well as they will use six to forty detectable words and even more depending on the child’s development rate. The main word that children tend to use is ‘no’ because they understand this word from a young age. Children of eighteen months will often echo the endings of words that adults say, which is known as echolalia. They will also use one word and relate it to a group of objects, for example, if the child uses the word ‘dog’ they may use that word to talk about all animals as they don’t know the correct name for other animals, this is known as holophrase. At the age of eighteen months they will begin to make certain movements or gestures which is their way of telling the adult something, for instants, they might wave their arms around which might mean ‘start again’, ‘more’ or ‘I like it’. They will also point out their needs by either pointing, pressing vocalisations or words. Children learn to comply with to commands at