How Does The President And Congress Control Bureaucracy
How does the President and Congress control bureaucracy? Federal Bureaucracy is a system of appointed individuals that serve in one of the major departments of our government. Both the President and Congress have some form of control over bureaucracy through several different means. According to Richard W. Waterman and B. Dan Wood in their writings The Dynamics of Political Control of the Bureaucracy, state that control is through “political appointment, budgeting, structure, personnel control, or oversight” (Waterman and Wood 804) We can understand the split of power over the bureaucracy by taking a closer look at the President and Congress control over them. Furthermore, the President exercises his control over bureaucracy through various
sources, but the key “mechanism of executive control is the appointment and removal power”. (Waterman and Wood 804) The President is also in charge of the Office of Management and Budget, which means he controls the funding for most of government agencies, which is a great tool in controlling the agencies. Likewise, Congress design agencies and incentives to assure “legislative preferences” for favorable outcomes for itself. According to Waterman and Wood
Congress “rely on program recipients, lobbyist, and interest groups to supply information on agency performance.” (Waterman and Wood 804)
However, the bureaucrats have some powers of their own. The bureaucrats have a choose of action and make policies that are not laid out in advance by any law in advance. The Congress makes the laws that governs our nation, but it is up to the bureaucratic agencies that carry the laws out. This is one of the major powers the agencies hold because they can have leeway on how to interpret the law set by Congress.
sources, but the key “mechanism of executive control is the appointment and removal power”. (Waterman and Wood 804) The President is also in charge of the Office of Management and Budget, which means he controls the funding for most of government agencies, which is a great tool in controlling the agencies. Likewise, Congress design agencies and incentives to assure “legislative preferences” for favorable outcomes for itself. According to Waterman and Wood
Congress “rely on program recipients, lobbyist, and interest groups to supply information on agency performance.” (Waterman and Wood 804)
However, the bureaucrats have some powers of their own. The bureaucrats have a choose of action and make policies that are not laid out in advance by any law in advance. The Congress makes the laws that governs our nation, but it is up to the bureaucratic agencies that carry the laws out. This is one of the major powers the agencies hold because they can have leeway on how to interpret the law set by Congress.