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Krech, Shepard. 1981. Indians, Animals, and the Fur trade. Athens: The University of Georgia Press. .…
The Hudson's Bay Company tried to monopolize the fur trade by outlawing all other traders but the Métis were the majority in all the settlements, and refused to comply. They needed the Métis, so it finally made compromises. The Métis succeeded in breaking the fur trade monopoly that the Company had held until then, and they gained some political and property rights. The Hudson Bay Company could no longer enforce its monopoly and free trade became part of the Red River Valley.But slowly their old way of life was disappearing.The buffalo were declining in number, and the Métis and First Nations had to go further and further west to hunt them, In result, profits from the fur trade were declining because the Hudson's Bay Company had to extend its reach further and further away from its main posts to get…
The Minnesota fur trade was one of the original economic exchanges in the United States with roots as far back as the 1500’s. What would become an influential enterprise that would drive a new wave of settlers and the beginnings of an economic infrastructure in Minnesota, started with very primitive beginnings and included a wide breadth of participants. Thus, this revolutionary enterprise that was mostly over by the 1840’s was paramount to Minnesota’s statehood.…
Upon winning the Revolutionary War Americans were filled with a compulsion to manifest their destiny. They were Gods chosen people after all. What could possibly come in the way of them achieving what was their God given right, their destiny? The fur trade draws its roots from early exploration in America. The fur trade was an entirely simple concept that relied on pillaging mother nature 's resources to turn the dollar. The fur trade set the mold for the modern day American corporations. It was the first industry in U.S. history to receive a federal subsidy; which is a form of government assistance to help out with financial needs and accommodations (sounds kinda of familiar to thecompanies of today eh?). Fur trading has been going on for centuries, dating back to Jacques Cartier (an explorer from France who would go on to claim what is currently Canada for France) who set voyage through the Canadian wilderness almost five hundred years ago. This industry is a cornerstone in the American business realm, and also in pioneering the early Pacific North West.…
Native Americans were pushed from their lands and forced to change their culture by the…
The fur trade brought an increase level of conflict between various First Nations because they would fight more for land territory so they could have better game for hunting so they could trade it.…
The first attempt to establish a successful fur trade in colonial Arkansas did not go as planned. It wasn’t until the end of the 18th century when trade became an important part of the Arkansas Post. The most important trade items in early colonial Arkansas were bear oil, buffalo meat, and buffalo fat. Later, French trappers, traders, and hunters loaded canoes and flat boats with beads, guns, iron hatches, pots, knives, blankets and cloth to exchange for Indian furs. Unfortunately, the fur trade in colonial Arkansas was not always profitable.…
In 1670 the Hudson Bay Company came to North America with the plans to exploit the fur trade with the help of first nation’s people. Though the aboriginals did receive many use full tools like rifles, knives pots and pans this lead them down a road of losing their culture and way of life, of living off the land. With these newly found tools that made their lives easier they became softer and lost a lot of their…
The recession of the fur trade pushed the US to look to other resources in the Chequamegon Bay area that they could profit from. In 1787, in the Northwest Ordinance the US declared that they would uphold a policy of peace and friendship towards the Ojibwe (Satz 4). However, the United States continually pushed for more and more measures to suppress Ojibwe culture and make them more “American.” In 1816 the US officially banned all foreign fur trade with Native Americans. In 1830 a school was set up on La Pointe and a mission four years later (Ross 83). Despite these attempts to Americanize the Ojibwe, they largely maintained their traditional culture and were still clearly seen by the US government as not American. In 1837, the Pine Tree Treaty was signed, marking the beginning of a long history of deceptions and exploitations of the Ojibwe people by US politicians (Satz…
While they had hunted beavers strictly for practicality before Europeans arrived, they traded excessive amounts of beaver pelts to Euro Americans in the fur trade. Due to a rapidly declining population from introduced diseases and the desire of foreign manufactured goods, such as addictive alcohol and cooking utensils, Native Americans were forced by the market to act as middlemen in the fur trade.3 This shift in perspective is notable because it exemplifies the ability of the market to commodify a natural resource and to motivate people to participate in a society founded on material affluence. Native Americans became tempted by the values of a capitalistic society and engaged an economy that ran on a concept of wealth they did not understand, and this allowed them to see the value of America’s ample resources differently than they…
The relationship between the Americans and the Native Americans had been tumultuous for some time. The Americans insisted on recklessly encroaching on Indian land and the Indians were forced to defend it. The Rocky Mountain Fur Company’s fur traders were licensed to trade only to do trade with the Indians, but they set out to trap and hunt instead. What they didn’t realize was that two Indians had been killed just a few weeks prior in a skirmish with the Missouri Fur Company and the situation in the area was hostile. For years, the Indians had only known tense relationships with the white men and the death of two of their own created a tense environment for the new Rocky Mountain Fur Company. When General Ashley and his men arrived, they believed…
The article “Women in Between”: Indian Women in Fur Trade Society in Western Canada”, written by Sylvia Van Kirk presents the lives of Indian women in the fur trade. The article title Women in Between is correctly named as it focuses on explaining the role of Indian women in the fur trade and their ability to play an essential part in fur trade society. The article conveys both the positive and negative aspect of being an Indian woman in the fur trade as well as their reasons for marrying European fur traders. The article helps us more to understand the fur trade society by focusing on the motives and actions of Indian women in the fur trade which furthers our knowledge of Canadian history prior to confederation. Women in Between examines through multiple sources of traders observation, the life of an Indian women in the fur trade based on the accounts provided by men. Since it was noted in her article that Indian women, coming from a non-literate society, have not left us with any writings of their own views and their motive for being in the fur trade or deciding to leave. The only historical reference of the lives of women in the fur trade is written by men and mostly European men. Women in Between discusses the unique and complex interactions between the two racial groups, white and Indian and the important role that Indian women played in this interaction. The article makes the argument that Indian women had a preference for living with and marrying the white man. Sylvia also argued that traders perhaps did not treat these women well and that the treatment of these women was disgraceful. The article also points out that Indian women had many advantages from the fur trade and their position as women in between, and therefore they manipulated the situation to improve their lives.…
In the late 1870s, the buffalo population was rapidly decreasing. Plain Indians were greatly impacted by the lost of buffalo because it was used for many products such as food, clothing, and shelter. White settlers invasion into the Great Plains were a great factor to the rapid depletion of buffalo. There were white hunters killing the buffalo, European livestock diseases spreading towards buffalo, and the construction of railroads destroying buffalo’s habitat. The Indians life centered around the buffalo. When the were barely any buffalo left, Native Americans had to change their whole lifestyle to be able to provide for their…
When combined, these four factors have altered Indigenous economies, societies, and cultures. First Nations peoples hunting and trapping techniques were changed after the invention of iron tools and weapons, having a huge impact on economic wealth but also increased reliance on European trade products. The epidemics decreased the Native American populations by 80-85 percent and have had an impact on their societies as it has increased their vulnerability in the fur trading economy and upset their custom patterns of life. To add on, First Nations women were many things, such as labourers, traders, and negotiators, and were crucial to Indigenous people’s survival in the fur trade by empowering them with their leadership. Lastly, trading posts had a massive impact on settlement patterns, and because of this, trading activity was high for First Nations communities.…
1670’s it is estimated that all tribes in the south east had acquired guns. The acquisition of firearms and the introduction to the fur trade were the catalyst that began the change of the Cherokee people into a market society (Conley, 2002). The of guns, horses and livestock allowed hunters the time and with increased ease at which to acquire more furs (“Cherokee”, 2005). By the 1700s the Cherokee way of live revolved around the fur trade and largely it “commercialized the society of the Cherokees” (Bryan, 2012).…