Preview

How To Bristow Influenza Pandemic

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
918 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
How To Bristow Influenza Pandemic
American Pandemic In the early years of 1918 through 1920, influenza stormed around the world in the worst pandemic in recorded history, killing at least fifty million people, and more than half a million of them were Americans. Yet, despite the devastation, many groups of people within the United States handed this epidemic very differently from each other. There were differences between “men as well as women, whites as well as people of color, middle and upper classes, as well as the working class…”(Bristow p.9). After all the commotion of this monstrosity, and how it was feared, Americans had also neglected the pandemic and soon erased all events from their memory and history. In the beginning of the outbreak of influenza know as “the Spanish flu,” Americans were willing to accept public health officials guidance in the early weeks of the crisis. Most looked at the public health officials as hope and a cure to the sickness. As months passed, these officials were not successful in containing the flu. Americans had grown impatient and resistant against their help toward the public. The poor and people of color in particular, often resisted such interventions and relied instead on the standards and practices of their own communities. Bristow claims, “Race …show more content…
9). The women seemed very comfortable expressing their feelings about the illness and repeated concern for the health of their friends and family. They expressed their grief “openly” (Bristow p.57). The women who kept their families “safe” or “healthy” knew that this was not permanent and could not stop the inevitable from happening. Iconic Amelia Earhart wrote about a friend of hers that was a recovering and surviving influenza victim. She expressed how she feared it and yet, she had worked in an influenza ward in

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    To the general population, science seems like a field that consists of facts and certainty. However, this could not be further from the truth. The life’s work of a scientist can be taken away in an instant. In a passage from “The Great Influenza,” John M. Barry expresses that the success of a scientist depends on their capacity to handle challenges. Using ethos, extended metaphor, and rhetorical questions, Barry characterizes science as a path of uncertainty.…

    • 390 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    During a passage from the Great Influenza, author John M. Barry discusses the qualifications a scientific researcher must yield in order to be efficient to the field and perform intelligent guesswork. Appealing to inspiring scientists, Barry insists that they have to “manipulate and even force experiments to yield and answer.” Without the ability to work with uncertainty, no work done will be enough to illuminate the subject. Through juxtaposition uncertainty and certainty in this professional field, Barry showcases the classifications of scientists with analogies and metaphors in a catalogue form. Barry begins by promptly identifying the counter argument; how uncertainty is a weakness for a scientist.…

    • 747 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the midst of the 1853 yellow fever epidemic, physician Samuel A. Cartwright published “Prevention of Yellow Fever” in the New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal. After introducing the predominant theories of disease transmission, contagionism and non-contagionism, Cartwright characterizes these ideologies as groundless “relics of medieval science … not derived from nature or the observation of facts” (292). Cartwright notes that the contagionists’ emphasis on strict quarantines had historically stifled trade and caused inflation, predisposing the weakened populace to illness. Conversely, the noncontagionists’ admittance of all ill immigrants into the community, negated the benefits of their advocation for sanitary measures (Cartwright…

    • 778 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Spanish Influenza of 1918-19 had little influence on the social changes of the 1920’s. For example, the Spanish Influenza pandemic got so bad that there were flu ordinances passed in order to prevent the spread of the disease. The Spanish Influenza influenced social changes through the flu ordinances because people had to start following certain rules. Things got so bad that the health department started giving out gauze masks and funerals could only last for 15 minutes. Some towns even required a signed certificate for passengers to enter.…

    • 156 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Another reason that the flu had such a severe impact on the U.S. military is because of the way that the military was structured and arranged during World War I. In her article, “The U.S. military and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919”, Carol Byerly gives information about the organization of the military into camps. Byerly uses the example of Camp Devens in Massachusetts to show how seriously the epidemic affected military camps. According to Byerly, the flu spread over the course of only ten days to infect more than 15% of the soldiers stationed there. This was similar to Fort Shelby, where almost every new recruit became sick. Researchers such as Victor C. Vaughan, the Dean of the University of Michigan School of Medicine, and Rufus Cole,…

    • 253 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    A fallacy in the author’s argumentation is the fact that he does not provide data or supportive arguments to the aspect that Negros are receiving and being influenced by outsiders. He mentions more than once that locals have more knowledge than outsiders. The rebuttal for this argument is that outsiders may have more experience with racial issues, than the locals, which may bring more solutions to help the local Negros.…

    • 1245 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus. It infected 500 million—making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history.…

    • 207 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The 1918 flu pandemic, otherwise known as Spanish Flu, was an unusually fatal influenza pandemic which struck the lives of many between January 1918-December 1920. It's said to have been recorded as the most devastating outbreak in world history. This influenza received its notorious name from the exceptional number of deaths in Spain, supposedly killing eight million.…

    • 357 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Lutiant says that people were dying by the dozen from influenza. She along with other nurses were there for ten days dealing with extremely bad cases but even then they didn’t get infected with the disease. They wanted to stay longer, but their work was very hard on them. She was a day nurse that worked six days in Officer’s barracks and another four days in the Private’s barracks. Lutiant had to work from seven in the morning to seven at night.…

    • 742 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Sociology: Black Like Me

    • 1714 Words
    • 7 Pages

    A lack of education led the blacks to poverty and they struggled every day just to survive. They were limited in the paths they could take, forcing many to hustle on the streets or worse. It was not that they chose this, but due to society’s lack of choices for them.…

    • 1714 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Many government took efforts to stop the spreading of the flu in 1918. Some tried to promote public health and boost morale by framing the flu as a “metaphor…

    • 875 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Great Influenza Essay

    • 393 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The Great Influenza is an account of the 1918 flu epidemic written by John M. Barry. Barry writes about scientists and their research of the great epidemic that killed thousands of people. John M. Barry uses many rhetorical strategies in his story to characterize scientific research. He also uses descriptive words to help the reader envision the story.…

    • 393 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    (Black 2017). During her lifetime, she had a counterpart, Mary Seacole, that she never met that would also change race relations in the nursing of that day. Seacole was a black Briton who displayed a determination to participate in bringing relief from the devastation of the Crimean war. “Despite being rejected to work with Nightingale” (Black 2017), she continued her work on her own, and Seacole's service was soon to be known to compete with Nightingales. Mary Seacole’s contributions are taught today in nursing schools; many grateful students appreciate Seacole’s recognition that continues to encourage the African American woman of this day, despite the distorted world in which we live. Another historical event that influenced nursing was the Pandemic Flu outbreak of 1917. Because the response and effectiveness of trained women in the previous war conflicts were effective, there was not so much resistance met as before, and so qualified nurses led the way for public health nursing to emerge. Public health education became vital as the need arose in response to the widespread flu epidemic; nurses supplied that need. A trained group of nurses from the American Red Cross began a journey to slow the spread of the flu in the…

    • 716 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jim Crow Laws

    • 3938 Words
    • 16 Pages

    Soon after the Reconstruction, African Americans and whites Americans ate in the same restaurants, often rode together in the same railway cars, used the same public facilities, but did not often interact as equals. The development of large black communities in urban areas and the significant black labor force in factories presented a new challenge to white Southerners. They could not control these new communities in the same informal ways they had been able to control rural black Americans, which were more directly dependent on white landowners and merchants (sharecropping system) than their urban counterparts. In the city, blacks and whites were in more direct competition than they had been in the countryside. There was more danger of social mixing. The city, therefore, required different, and more rigidly institutionalized, systems of control,…

    • 3938 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jim Crow Laws Dbq

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Within the span of a few decades from the late 19th to the early 20th century, the United States was transformed from a predominately rural agrarian society to an industrial economy centered in large metropolitan cities. Prior to the American industrial revolution, most Americans were reared in largely isolated agricultural households and small towns that were linked to the external world by horse drawn wagons. Except for towns that were connected to railroads or water borne shipping, isolation and the costs of overland transportation meant that many rural communities were largely self sufficient in food, clothing, and many other essentials of everyday life. This changed as many products became mass produced and shipped over the growing national network of railroads and highways. This was made possible or at least greatly enhanced by the millions of immigrants that were coming into America from Southern Europe who moved into cities and began working in factories. This huge influx of workers allowed employers to lower wages. Coupled with this great industrial and economic change was a large social change. Even though slavery had been abolished in 1865, there was nothing stopping segregation against the black population. They were forced to use separate facilities than whites and were kept from owning their own land. Some employers wouldn’t hire them so it was hard for them to find jobs. They were also treated poorly within their communities. There even laws enforced to keep them oppressed. The greatest example of this is the Jim Crow laws which remained in effect from 1876-1965. These laws were used and interpreted to oppress the black population in the South in legislation and custom. The African-American response to these laws and their establishment differed in idea and intensity. Some thought it appropriate to maintain some forms of segregation as long as they were treated equally, which was shown in legislature by the “Separate but equal” act that was passed.…

    • 712 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays