Human Development
Unit 1- Growth & Development
Growth refers to quantitative changes- increase in size and structure. A person grows physically as well as mentally.
Development refers to qualitative changes
PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Heredity
HEREDITY gives the human individual a similarity to the other organisms, but also a uniqueness. Characteristics of both parents are passed on to the child through the union of the father's sperm and the egg cell of the mother to form a zygote or offspring.
Genes are the submicroscopic particles in the chromosomes and the unit carriers of heredity
Genes are composed of chromosomes that determines sex of offspring.
X and y chromosomes for male, and 2 x's for female
Identical twins are the result of splitting of one zygote into 2 separate cells w/c develop into 2 individual organisms.
Fraternal twins, in contrast with the identical twins, are developed from 2 separate zygotes.
2. Maturation & Learning
Maturation is the unfolding of traits potentially present in the individual because of his hereditary endowment.
Learning is the development that comes from exercise and effort
Maturation Principles
Learning depends upon the biological basis being present as well as the opportunity to practice.
Chronological age and maturation stage, although related are not synonymous.
Although overall maturation development if forward and continuous, the parent should expect to see plateaus and regression in the child's development.
The more biological mature a child is the easier for him to learn a given task.
The child usually gives signals indicating his maturation readiness for a given task.
The child's maturational development progresses from general to specific behavior.
Training given after the maturation readiness maybe less efficient.
The more biological mature a child is the easier for him to learn a given task.
3. Environment
ENVIRONMENT includes all the conditions in
Growth refers to quantitative changes- increase in size and structure. A person grows physically as well as mentally.
Development refers to qualitative changes
PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Heredity
HEREDITY gives the human individual a similarity to the other organisms, but also a uniqueness. Characteristics of both parents are passed on to the child through the union of the father's sperm and the egg cell of the mother to form a zygote or offspring.
Genes are the submicroscopic particles in the chromosomes and the unit carriers of heredity
Genes are composed of chromosomes that determines sex of offspring.
X and y chromosomes for male, and 2 x's for female
Identical twins are the result of splitting of one zygote into 2 separate cells w/c develop into 2 individual organisms.
Fraternal twins, in contrast with the identical twins, are developed from 2 separate zygotes.
2. Maturation & Learning
Maturation is the unfolding of traits potentially present in the individual because of his hereditary endowment.
Learning is the development that comes from exercise and effort
Maturation Principles
Learning depends upon the biological basis being present as well as the opportunity to practice.
Chronological age and maturation stage, although related are not synonymous.
Although overall maturation development if forward and continuous, the parent should expect to see plateaus and regression in the child's development.
The more biological mature a child is the easier for him to learn a given task.
The child usually gives signals indicating his maturation readiness for a given task.
The child's maturational development progresses from general to specific behavior.
Training given after the maturation readiness maybe less efficient.
The more biological mature a child is the easier for him to learn a given task.
3. Environment
ENVIRONMENT includes all the conditions in