Human relations school
a) Try to compare and contrast the main ideas involved in ‘classical management theories’ and the main idea of ‘human relations school’?
The classical theory of management is based on an emphasis on technical requirements of the organisation, common principles as well as hierarchy of management. The three classical management theories are:
- the Scientific Management of F.Taylor, what concentrates on scientific analysis of work and “one best way’’ to do a job;
- The Administrative Management of Fayol, what focuses on planning & forecasting, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling;
- The Bureaucratic Organization of M.Weber, what bases on 5 principles chain of command, division of labour, specification of authority, impersonality and are goals orientated.
By contrast, Human relations school, it is to pay greater attention to social factors at work, leadership, the informal organisation and behaviour of people. It has been reffered as the neoclassical school, because it was initially a reaction to the shortcomings of the classical approaches to management.
b) What is the striking outcome of Hawthorne Studies? Why this outcome has lead to the birth of the discipline of “organizational behavior (OB)”?
The human relations movement began with the Hawthorne Studies, which were conducted at the Hawthorne Plant in USA from 1924 to 1933 years. The Hawthorne effect is a form of people reactivity, where they improve or modify an aspect of their behavior, which is being experimentally measured, in response to the fact that they know that they are being studied, not in response to any particular experimental manipulation. The Hawthorne studies are significant because they reveal an important influence of human factors on workers productivity.
The Human Relations School are leading to the birth of the Organizational Behavior (OB), because of integration of Management theories, such as: Systems theory, Contingency Theory, Chaos theory ect. Yhe
The classical theory of management is based on an emphasis on technical requirements of the organisation, common principles as well as hierarchy of management. The three classical management theories are:
- the Scientific Management of F.Taylor, what concentrates on scientific analysis of work and “one best way’’ to do a job;
- The Administrative Management of Fayol, what focuses on planning & forecasting, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling;
- The Bureaucratic Organization of M.Weber, what bases on 5 principles chain of command, division of labour, specification of authority, impersonality and are goals orientated.
By contrast, Human relations school, it is to pay greater attention to social factors at work, leadership, the informal organisation and behaviour of people. It has been reffered as the neoclassical school, because it was initially a reaction to the shortcomings of the classical approaches to management.
b) What is the striking outcome of Hawthorne Studies? Why this outcome has lead to the birth of the discipline of “organizational behavior (OB)”?
The human relations movement began with the Hawthorne Studies, which were conducted at the Hawthorne Plant in USA from 1924 to 1933 years. The Hawthorne effect is a form of people reactivity, where they improve or modify an aspect of their behavior, which is being experimentally measured, in response to the fact that they know that they are being studied, not in response to any particular experimental manipulation. The Hawthorne studies are significant because they reveal an important influence of human factors on workers productivity.
The Human Relations School are leading to the birth of the Organizational Behavior (OB), because of integration of Management theories, such as: Systems theory, Contingency Theory, Chaos theory ect. Yhe