Humanity Somalia Case Study
A Short History and Summary of Political and Economic Conditions in Somalia
Nov 20, 2011
History
During the 19th century was when modern history began in Somalia with the presence of various European powers that began to utilize Somalia for trade. These powers consisted of Italian and British forces who themselves battled for control until 1941 when British forces took complete control and began the transition to British Somaliland. This transition was to establish a self a self-sustaining government that began through the establishment of planning committees, local courts, and the Protectorate Advisory Council. By 1947 Italy renounced all rights and titles to Italian Somaliland in Article 23 of the 1947 peace treaty. The treaty allowed Italy as the administering authority, followed by independence for Italian Somaliland under trusteeship system for 10years (Youngblood-Coleman). As Italy agreed to grant independence to its trust territory on 1 July 1960, the United Kingdom gave its protectorate independence on 26 June 1960, thus enabling the two Somali territories to join in a united Somali Republic on 1 July 1960. On 20 July 1961, the Somali people ratified a new constitution, drafted in 1960, and one month later confirmed Aden 'Abdullah Osman Daar as the nation 's first president as stated by Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations, 2009. After the assassination of the first two presidents Major general Jalle Mohamed Siad Barre commander of the army took control with his military might that was supplied by Moscow and named himself chairman of Supreme Revolutionary Council (SCR) that consisted of twenty five members that assumed powers of the president, supreme court, and the national assembly. The process of party-based constitutional democracy in Somalia came to an abrupt end on Oct. 21, 1969, when the army and police, led by Maj. Gen. Mohamed Siad Barre, seized power in a bloodless coup
Nov 20, 2011
History
During the 19th century was when modern history began in Somalia with the presence of various European powers that began to utilize Somalia for trade. These powers consisted of Italian and British forces who themselves battled for control until 1941 when British forces took complete control and began the transition to British Somaliland. This transition was to establish a self a self-sustaining government that began through the establishment of planning committees, local courts, and the Protectorate Advisory Council. By 1947 Italy renounced all rights and titles to Italian Somaliland in Article 23 of the 1947 peace treaty. The treaty allowed Italy as the administering authority, followed by independence for Italian Somaliland under trusteeship system for 10years (Youngblood-Coleman). As Italy agreed to grant independence to its trust territory on 1 July 1960, the United Kingdom gave its protectorate independence on 26 June 1960, thus enabling the two Somali territories to join in a united Somali Republic on 1 July 1960. On 20 July 1961, the Somali people ratified a new constitution, drafted in 1960, and one month later confirmed Aden 'Abdullah Osman Daar as the nation 's first president as stated by Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations, 2009. After the assassination of the first two presidents Major general Jalle Mohamed Siad Barre commander of the army took control with his military might that was supplied by Moscow and named himself chairman of Supreme Revolutionary Council (SCR) that consisted of twenty five members that assumed powers of the president, supreme court, and the national assembly. The process of party-based constitutional democracy in Somalia came to an abrupt end on Oct. 21, 1969, when the army and police, led by Maj. Gen. Mohamed Siad Barre, seized power in a bloodless coup
References: "Somalia." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. Ed. Timothy L. Gall and Susan Bevan Gall. Online ed. Detroit: U*X*L, 2009. Global Issues In Context. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. Youngblood-Coleman, D. (2010). Country Review: Somalia [2011 Edition]. Human Rights. Retrieved on November 17, 2011, from Country Watch: http://0-www.countrywatch.com.olinkserver.franklin.edu/cw_topic.aspx?type=text&vcountry=158&topic=POHRT Human Rights Watch. (2011a, August 14). Somalia: End War Crimes to Help Tackle Famine. Retrieved November 17, 2011, from Human Rights Watch: http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/08/14/somalia-end-war-crimes-help-tackle-famine-0 Human Rights Watch. (2011a, August 15). “You Don’t Know Who to Blame”. Retrieved November 17, 2011, from Human Rights Watch: http://www.hrw.org/node/100958/section/2 Somalia." Junior Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. Ed. Timothy L. Gall and Susan Bevan Gall. Online ed. Detroit: U*X*L, 2009. Global Issues In Context. Web. 17 Nov. 2011. Human Rights Watch (2011a, April 19). Harsh War, Harsh Peace. Retrieved Nov. 17, 2011, from Human Rights Watch: http://www.hrw.org/node/89644/section/3 Youngblood-Coleman, D. (2010). Country Review: Somalia [2011 Edition]. History. Retrieved on November 17, 2011, from Country Watch: http://0-www.countrywatch.com.olinkserver.franklin.edu/cw_topic.aspx?type=text&vcountry=158&topic=POHIS