Hydrochloric acid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Muriatic acid)
Not to be confused with hydrogen chloride. Hydrochloric acid | | | | Other names[hide] * Muriatic acid[1] * Spirits of salt[2] | Identifiers | CAS number | 7647-01-0 | ChemSpider | 10633809 | UNII | QTT17582CB | EC number | 231-595-7 | ChEMBL | CHEMBL1231821 | ATC code | A09AB03,B05XA13 | Properties | Appearance | Colourless, transparent liquid | Hazards | MSDS | External MSDS | EU Index | 017-002-01-X | R-phrases | R34, R37 | S-phrases | (S1/2), S26, S45 | Related compounds | Related compounds | * Hydrofluoric acid * Hydrobromic acid * Hydroiodic acid | Supplementary data page | Structure and properties | n, εr, etc. | Thermodynamic data | Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas | Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS | (verify) (what is: /?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | Infobox references |
Hydrochloric acid is a clear, colourless solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water. It is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. Hydrochloric acid is found naturally in gastric acid.
Historically called muriatic acid, and spirits of salt, hydrochloric acid was produced from vitriol (sulfuric acid) and common salt. It first appeared during the Renaissance,[verification needed] and then it was used by chemists such as Glauber, Priestley and Davy in their scientific research.
With major production starting in the Industrial Revolution, hydrochloric acid is used in the chemical industry as a chemical reagent in the large-scale production of vinyl chloride for PVC plastic, and MDI/TDI for polyurethane. It has numerous smaller-scale applications, including householdcleaning, production of gelatin and other food additives, descaling, and leather processing. About 20