Hydrolysis of Macromolecules
Title: Hydrolysis of macromolecules
Abstract:
This lab was designed to teach the process of “hydrolysis”, a chemical reaction in which water is added to a polymer, breaking its bonds and forming smaller molecules. A hydrogen cation and a hydroxide anion (which once formed water) break apart and attach themselves to the ends of shorter polymers. Hydrolysis plays an important role in our lives and in the lives of every living thing on earth. Living organisms rely on digestion (hydrolysis) to convert food energy from polymers into monomers, which are easier for our cells to absorb. This study was conducted to show how polysaccharides are broken down by organisms to absorb nutrients through hydrolysis. We used different methods to show how different tests involving heat, acid, saliva, and bacteria can hydrolyze polysaccharides and proteins.
Through this experiment we have found that heat and acid hydrolyze starch while using the Benedicts test. Using the same test in a different manner showed how saliva has a big effect on the breakdown of polysaccharides. Using the IKI test we noticed bacteria like B.Cereus are able to digest starch polysaccharides, where as E.Coli does not, and also the effect of bacterial protein on digestion. Bacterial proteins such as S. Marcescens hydrolyze most polysaccharides whereas E. Coli have shown no effect on hydrolyzing polysaccharides. This lab will demonstrate a variety of treatments and conditions that have capability to hydrolyze polysaccharides.
Introduction:
How do cows digest plant materials? How does a potato plant use its stored starch to make new leaves in spring? In this lab we tested the different techniques used in the digestion process to determine how macromolecules hydrolyze. This process is the reverse of a dehydration reaction, where polymers are disassembled into very small subunits that can pass through the cell membrane. Without hydrolysis, the proteins; polysaccharides and macromolecules, won't be
Abstract:
This lab was designed to teach the process of “hydrolysis”, a chemical reaction in which water is added to a polymer, breaking its bonds and forming smaller molecules. A hydrogen cation and a hydroxide anion (which once formed water) break apart and attach themselves to the ends of shorter polymers. Hydrolysis plays an important role in our lives and in the lives of every living thing on earth. Living organisms rely on digestion (hydrolysis) to convert food energy from polymers into monomers, which are easier for our cells to absorb. This study was conducted to show how polysaccharides are broken down by organisms to absorb nutrients through hydrolysis. We used different methods to show how different tests involving heat, acid, saliva, and bacteria can hydrolyze polysaccharides and proteins.
Through this experiment we have found that heat and acid hydrolyze starch while using the Benedicts test. Using the same test in a different manner showed how saliva has a big effect on the breakdown of polysaccharides. Using the IKI test we noticed bacteria like B.Cereus are able to digest starch polysaccharides, where as E.Coli does not, and also the effect of bacterial protein on digestion. Bacterial proteins such as S. Marcescens hydrolyze most polysaccharides whereas E. Coli have shown no effect on hydrolyzing polysaccharides. This lab will demonstrate a variety of treatments and conditions that have capability to hydrolyze polysaccharides.
Introduction:
How do cows digest plant materials? How does a potato plant use its stored starch to make new leaves in spring? In this lab we tested the different techniques used in the digestion process to determine how macromolecules hydrolyze. This process is the reverse of a dehydration reaction, where polymers are disassembled into very small subunits that can pass through the cell membrane. Without hydrolysis, the proteins; polysaccharides and macromolecules, won't be