Hypomagnesaemia
.2 Consequences for Hypomagnesaemia
Serum magnesium concentration is seldom being measured in routine blood tests. Thus, to identify this issue, it requires direct measure in clinical situations that usually associated with the disturbance of magnesium homeostasis, such as chronic diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, cardiac arrhythmias and hypocalcaemia. Hypomagnesaemia has been observed in 12%of hospitalized patients, and the incidence may rise above 60% in patients in ICU. Magnesium deficiency produces in a variety of clinical manifestations, including seizures, muscle cramps and psychiatric manifestations. Besides that, cardiac arrhythmias such as supraventricular tachycardia may occur. (Kevin J. Martin,* Esther A. Gonza´lez,* and Eduardo Slatopolsky†, 2009)
The major consequence of hypomagnesaemia is hypokalaemia. Hypokalaemia is commonly seen in hypomagnesemic patients due to the underlying disorders that induce both magnesium and potassium loss. For example, diuretic therapy and diarrhoea normally increases …show more content…
Magnesium is important in regulating blood pressure as its therapeutic efficacy in the pregnant mother who has hypertensive syndrome, having been demonstrated in the 19th century. Hypertension occurred due to a decrease in intracellular free magnesium as hypomagnesaemia increased vascular tone and reactivity which lead to the rise in total peripheral resistance. At a cellular level, rise in the intracellular calcium content is associated with the increased tone and reactivity. It also decreased activation of calcium channels, which may enhance the diffusion of calcium current into cells, decrease calcium efflux from cells, increase cellular permeability to calcium, or decrease sarcoplasmic reticulum reuptake of intracellular released calcium. Intracellular accumulation of calcium causes the activation of actin-myosin contractile proteins, which enhanced vascular tone and total peripheral
Serum magnesium concentration is seldom being measured in routine blood tests. Thus, to identify this issue, it requires direct measure in clinical situations that usually associated with the disturbance of magnesium homeostasis, such as chronic diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, cardiac arrhythmias and hypocalcaemia. Hypomagnesaemia has been observed in 12%of hospitalized patients, and the incidence may rise above 60% in patients in ICU. Magnesium deficiency produces in a variety of clinical manifestations, including seizures, muscle cramps and psychiatric manifestations. Besides that, cardiac arrhythmias such as supraventricular tachycardia may occur. (Kevin J. Martin,* Esther A. Gonza´lez,* and Eduardo Slatopolsky†, 2009)
The major consequence of hypomagnesaemia is hypokalaemia. Hypokalaemia is commonly seen in hypomagnesemic patients due to the underlying disorders that induce both magnesium and potassium loss. For example, diuretic therapy and diarrhoea normally increases …show more content…
Magnesium is important in regulating blood pressure as its therapeutic efficacy in the pregnant mother who has hypertensive syndrome, having been demonstrated in the 19th century. Hypertension occurred due to a decrease in intracellular free magnesium as hypomagnesaemia increased vascular tone and reactivity which lead to the rise in total peripheral resistance. At a cellular level, rise in the intracellular calcium content is associated with the increased tone and reactivity. It also decreased activation of calcium channels, which may enhance the diffusion of calcium current into cells, decrease calcium efflux from cells, increase cellular permeability to calcium, or decrease sarcoplasmic reticulum reuptake of intracellular released calcium. Intracellular accumulation of calcium causes the activation of actin-myosin contractile proteins, which enhanced vascular tone and total peripheral