Ice Flows In The Archean Era

From ancient history to the present day the Earth and its living organisms have been evolving. Four billion years ago the Earth was home to life. Starting in the Archean Era to the most current era, which is the Cenozoic era in which humans live. One turning point of Earth’s history occurred when the Kotuikan Cliffs shifted towards the Artic Ocean. Also, when observing rocks paleontologists were able to see a stunning diversity in living organisms, this time period was known as the Cambrain Explosion. Ice Flows, do to the start of last Ice Age cut deep incisions into the Earth which ultimately lead to many of the mountains being created today. For example the Akademikerbreen Group was the result to the ice flows. The
Tree of Life includes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms starting with the first organism on Earth, which was an Archaea. Archaea live in deep-sea vents, and hot springs. The tree of life shows how species are related to each other throughout the history of evolution.The father of geology, James Hutton, along with paleantologists and biologists, uncovered what they believe to be life’s beginning. In North Pole, Australia volcanic and sedimentary rock formed to make the Warrawoona Group, that formed about 3.5 billion years ago. These rocks have some preserved earliest evidence of Earth’s life. Bacteria are everywhere, and found on everything. It can be good or it could be harmful. It shares characteristic from an animal cell and a plant cell. A bacteria cell has ribosomes, and a plasma membrane just like plant and animal cells do. But, like a plant cell it has a cell wall. Andrew Knoll travelled to many places across the world. During his travels, he saw interesting biological organisms. One place he traveled to was Orakei Korako, New Zeland. There were steamers that are homed to different species of bacteria and Archaea. Another place he traveled to was Andros Island, Bahamas were a cyanobacteria formed on tidal flats. Chloroplast is a small green shaped disk in the inner membrane of a plant cell. Chloroplast grows and divides independently. As well as it has chlorophyll in its thylakoids. According to biochemists cyanobacteria and chloroplast have the same molecular details when it comes to photosynthesis. A photosynthetic bacterium limits the supply of sulfate. Photosynthetic bacteria go through the basic process that plants do when making their own food. These bacterium has light absorbing pigments, which lets them convert light energy into chemical energy, also known as sugar or food.
 Paleontologists found Guizhou fossils, which was the introduction of eukaryotes in Proterozoic history.
Eukaryotic microorganisms were present 1.5 billion years ago. As well as paleontologists in Australia, China, India, and the United States found helical compressions also. Charles Darwin predicted that fossilized impression of early animals would be found in Proterozoic rocks, and they did. However, it surprised Darwin to discover that most of the ancestors lived until the end of the Proterozoic time period and then died. Over 90 percent of five species of sponges have some of the same or different characteristics. For example, those sponges will have skeletons of silica, or protein, or some of the sponges will have both of those characteristics. A little over 440 million years ago there was an Ice Age in Africa during the Ordovician Period. The Ice Age occurred for about 200,000 years. The Ice Age happened because there was a drastic drop in temperature, which allowed Africa to freeze. In Astronomy the most recent and exciting events that was discovered was the planets that orbit around stars that were nearby. So far they have found the larger planets, which would equal to about the size of Saturn, and some of the discovered planets are bigger than that. Astronomers and Astrobiologists have been working on a project called Terrestrial Planet Finder, which scientist believe will help them be able to detect any Earth like
planets. The story of how the Earth has evolved is not just because and about humans. It is about the eras, the Ice Age, the bacteria, and every living organism that was there and now is there. Because of changes from the environment over the last 4 billion years it has helped to shape the Earth and its living organisms today. The book Life on a Young Planet The First Three Billion Years Of Evolution On Earth I thought was very interesting.
I liked how I was able to read starting out in the very being and learning about all the incredible discoveries that occurred between the very beginnings until now. As well as what they predict to find in the future. A lot of the book also gave new light and a different way to look at what I had learned or is currently learning in Biology. One topic that was discussed quite a bit was about cells. One chapter was mostly dedicated to bacteria, which was interesting. It talked about he structure of bacteria, like the Pili that is the hair like structure on the surface of the bacterium or the Flagella that allows the bacterium to move. I thought that was very interesting because it reminded me of jellyfish legs. It was also talked about some of the information that we learned in Biology like DNA and RNA. Along with how mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA contributes to how proteins are made. I felt that by reading chapter 5, I definitely had a better under standing of Protein Synthesis and DNA. Another topic that was discussed that I thought was alluring was how some of the mountains and other formations came to be. I already knew that the Ice Age had a contribution to how some of the formations were created. But, Knoll really gave me in depth looks at everything that went in to the formations. I also liked how he used the Empire State Building in New Your City to
give me and the readers just how deep the landscape was cut. Knoll said that if the Empire State Building were set on top of ice would barely be able to be seen over the valley rim. This was a very interesting book, which opened my eyes on the first few billion years on the Earth and how all the changes it went through to get to where the Earth is today.