Identification of Bacteria Pathogens
Identification of Bacterial Pathogens basic skills in diagnostic bacteriology
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
1
Identification of Microorganisms
• For many students and professionals the most pressing topic in microbiology is how to identify unknown specimens.
• Why is this important?
• Labs can grow, isolate and identify most routinely encountered bacteria within 48 hrs of sampling.
• The methods microbiologist use fall into three categories: ♣Phenotypic- morphology (micro and macroscopic) ♣Immunological- serological analysis ♣Genotypic- genetic techniques
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
2
Microbe Identification
• The successful identification of microbe depends on: ♥ Using the proper aseptic techniques. ♥ Correctly obtaining the specimen. ♥ Correctly handling the specimen ♥ Quickly transporting the specimen to the lab. ♥ Once the specimen reaches the lab it is cultured and identified.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 3
Microbe Identification
• Identification measures include:
♣ Microscopy (staining) ♣ growth on enrichment, selective, differential or characteristic media ♣ specimen biochemical test (rapid test methods) ♣ immunological techniques ♣ molecular (genotypic) methods.
• After the microbe is identified for clinical samples it is used in susceptibility tests to find which method of control is most effective.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 4
Microbe Identification
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
5
Specimen Collection
• Successful identification depends on how the specimen is collected, handled and stored. • It is important that general aseptic procedures be used including sterile sample containers and sampling methods to prevent contamination of the specimen. • E.g. Throat and nasopharyngeal swabs should not touch the cheek, tongue or salvia.
• What other precautions must be taken when collecting specimens?
• After collection the specimen must be taken promptly to the lab and stored appropriately (e.g. refrigeration).
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 6
Specimen Collection
Dr.T.V.Rao
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
1
Identification of Microorganisms
• For many students and professionals the most pressing topic in microbiology is how to identify unknown specimens.
• Why is this important?
• Labs can grow, isolate and identify most routinely encountered bacteria within 48 hrs of sampling.
• The methods microbiologist use fall into three categories: ♣Phenotypic- morphology (micro and macroscopic) ♣Immunological- serological analysis ♣Genotypic- genetic techniques
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
2
Microbe Identification
• The successful identification of microbe depends on: ♥ Using the proper aseptic techniques. ♥ Correctly obtaining the specimen. ♥ Correctly handling the specimen ♥ Quickly transporting the specimen to the lab. ♥ Once the specimen reaches the lab it is cultured and identified.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 3
Microbe Identification
• Identification measures include:
♣ Microscopy (staining) ♣ growth on enrichment, selective, differential or characteristic media ♣ specimen biochemical test (rapid test methods) ♣ immunological techniques ♣ molecular (genotypic) methods.
• After the microbe is identified for clinical samples it is used in susceptibility tests to find which method of control is most effective.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 4
Microbe Identification
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
5
Specimen Collection
• Successful identification depends on how the specimen is collected, handled and stored. • It is important that general aseptic procedures be used including sterile sample containers and sampling methods to prevent contamination of the specimen. • E.g. Throat and nasopharyngeal swabs should not touch the cheek, tongue or salvia.
• What other precautions must be taken when collecting specimens?
• After collection the specimen must be taken promptly to the lab and stored appropriately (e.g. refrigeration).
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 6
Specimen Collection
Dr.T.V.Rao