Idiopathic Asthma

Asthma is just a general term for what is going on, there are three types of asthma. Each asthma name base off of what triggers the asthma attack. The three types of asthma are allergic asthma, mixed asthma and idiopathic asthma. Allergic asthma occur due to an irritants such as allergens trigger the asthma attack. This occurs due to the fact that the allergens aren’t recognized by our body’s immune system. Since it is unrecognizable it causes the white blood cells in our body to recognize it as a threat. This then promotes our helper T cells to activate the production of B cells which then causes antibiotics to be made. The production of the B cells signals the thymus to make more lymphocytes. The allergens have often just settled within our airway. The production of more white blood cells (specifically immunoglobulin E cells) causes the area to become inflamed. The inflammation of the airway causes the bronchioles to contract (get tighter) which leads to the patient to have trouble with breathing. Allergens such as pet dander, pollens, spores and dust mites are usually responsible for setting off an allergic asthma attack. The second type of asthma is idiopathic asthma. The reason why this is called idiopathic asthma is due to the fact that the exact reason why it is triggered during specific events is unknown. Idiopathic asthma is usually triggered by respiratory infection, exercises and emotional upsets. These thing can lead to an asthma attack due to the fact that they can cause the bronchioles to
contract. Last but not least there is mixed asthma, mixed contains some key characters from both idiopathic asthma and allergic asthma. Regardless of what type of asthma attack it is, it causes inflammatory changes. The inflammation causes the alveoli to not be able to exchange the air and causes it is to become trapped in the lung. The trap air causes the patient to hyperventilate (breath faster) in order to get rid of the carbon dioxide. The inflammation causes the airway to continuously narrow which makes it hard for the patient to get rid of the air. If left untreated this can lead the patient to go into respiratory failure which then can lead the patient into total body organ failure.
*Patient correlation:
K.J asthma attack was due to idiopathic asthma.
He had no history of asthma nor does he have any family history of asthma. The asthma attack was the first one that he has ever had in his life. The nurse says the he had bronchitis earlier which might have a link as to why he had a random asthma attack. This is possible because bronchitis is the inflammation of the bronchioles. So that might have predisposed him into having an asthma
attack.