Idiopathic Case Studies

Introduction: Idiopathic bilateral strio-pallido-dentate calcinosis also known as Fahr’s disease(idiopathic basal ganglia calcification) is a rare disorder characterized by symmetrical calcifications. Disease most commonly transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait; but it may also be passed on as an autosomal recessive trait or it may occur sporadically. While idiopathic causes often play a role in etiology, a major part of the causes of secondary causes are disorders of calcium metabolism. It may clinically present with an array of neuropsychiatric symptoms, seizures, dementia, speech disorders, parkinsonism, dystonia, chorea and ataxia. Cranial CT is the most useful imaging method for diagnosing Fahr's disease. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can
the patient was in the postictal confusion, extremities were spontaneous moving. He had a 3 cm scalp laceration and hematoma. He has been diagnosed with epilepsy for 12 years and he has not an epileptic seizure for 2 years. He stopped medicines a year ago. The diffuse calcifications in both cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia and cerebellar hemisphere were detected on Cranial CT (Figure 1). In the laboratory tests, the calcium was 7.0 mg/dL(8.5-10.0 mg/dL) and phosphor was 3.4 mg/dL (2.0 -4.5 mg / dL). It was thought that the diagnosis of the patient might be Fahr Disease with a result of clinical manifest and tests. After IV calcium replacement and phenytoin treatment, the symptoms of the patient were dramatically improved and the seizures were not renewed.

Discussion: Fahr’s disease is an uncommon condition that can missed in the clinic. Fahr's disease should be kept in mind, especially in patients with late-onset epileptic seizures, atypical neurological symptoms, and hypocalcemia who are presented in the emergency department. Diagnostic laboratory tests of calcium metabolism and cranial CT and early treatment may improve symptoms, control epileptic seizures, and prevent hypocalcemic adverse