James Baldwin, in his essay "If Black English Isn't a Language, Then Tell Me What Is?," wants readers to understand that, even if a language has a different "dialect" from its "common" form, it is still a valid language. The language in dispute here being "Black English". Baldwin presents various arguments to solidify his points. Baldwin touches upon the point how a language "evolves" to form different versions of the same language. He cites the example of how a "Frenchman in Paris" would have an abstruse time comprehending what a man from Marseilles or Quebec is saying.…
1. In the podcast episode “How using Ebonics affects Black people”, linguistic John Rickford introduces the argument that where Black Americans live affects how they speak. When black Americans move to more prosperous neighborhoods, they tend to talk less in Ebonics. Instead of talking in their native dialect, black Americans adopt more of mainstream speech to help navigate them in larger society.…
Barbara Mellix grew up speaking two different languages like her children. Black english which to her meant country coloreds; and standard english which was proper english. She grew up in a black neighborhood. Barbara’s mother would get upset when she wouldn’t speak proper english. Her siblings and her were forced to speak proper english. Barbara’s mother was a woman with a thick muffled voice, and was always smiling. Her father was an articulated aggressive man, who spoke loud and clear. It was hard for Barbara to speak proper english because she was used to speaking, “country coloreds” with her friends, siblings, and people from her neighborhood. When they would go visit her grandmother who lives in Greeleyville, South Carolina, they were…
In this paper, my main goal is to provide an ‘argument mapping’ of Jane H. Hill’s article ‘Language, Race, and White Public Space.’ Firstly, I will present what I believe to be the articles main argument as well as linking it to the different pieces of evidence provided. I will then explain how these claims are interrelated into a larger argument structure. Throughout my paper, I will define the various terms provided to make her main argument clearer. In my understanding, there are two strong ethnographic facts with four supporting ethnographic facts and two weak ethnographic facts.…
To be honest I find It a little offensive and discriminatory to categorize the African-American language as being a language of its own. Why not call it informal language instead of categorizing it as African-American language or Ebonics? I do not hear this language coming only from African-Americans, but I also hear it from Latinos. I do not have a problem with teaching children the standard English, but I think that Ebonics is profiling the African-American culture. The teacher’s technique when working on translating Ebonics into standard English is a good way to teach students how to use standard English; however, it should not be categorized as African-American language. It should be categorized as an incorrect use of English. Of course,…
How would one feel if one were violently taken from home to a backwards place one would never understand? Aminata experienced these events first hand, which she conveys in her memoir. In this story The Book of Negroes by Lawrence Hill, she tells the story of her life. From how she was taken from her village of Bayo in Africa, where she enjoyed freedom, lived with dignity, and shipped across the 'big river’, as a slave, to the thirteen colonies now known as the United States America. Aminata experiences grief and hardship, Anger and joy, and a fiery determination to get back home. In this compelling story, Aminata grows in various ways as she deals with slavery, discrimination, and the loss of her family.…
In an attempt to portray the reality and importance of Black English, James Baldwin, an African American author who focuses on race and sexuality themes, wrote “If Black English Isn’t a Language, then tell Me, What Is?” using a specifically harsh tone and relating to his audience by appealing to both emotion and logic while still upholding his credibility. With a background affected immensely by the dark history of African Americans, Baldwin is able to pull from personal experiences to provide examples that successfully support his claim—the immense impact African American culture has had on English—both logically and emotionally from the reader’s perspective. Baldwin also focuses on the history and background of several types of languages…
| Most of the people I know including myself waste so much food. Reading this section of the book made me realize how hard they had it and how hard I was to find food especially if you didn’t have money. I personally feel so ungrateful because I can’t eat fruit if it’s bruised but here are these people eating almost spoiled tomatoes.…
“They call me Rain. I have long forgotten my real name as I was very young when they came into my village and took me. I can’t remember much from my life before being a slave girl, but my masters have told me I am from a small village in West Africa.”…
In the beginning Locke tells us about “the tide of Negro migration”. During this time in a movement known as the Great Migration, thousand of African Americans also known as Negros left their homes in the South and moved North toward the beach line of big cities in search of employment and a new beginning. They left the South because of racial violence such as the Ku Klux Klan and economic discrimination not able to obtain work. Their migration was an expression of their changing attitudes toward themselves as Locke said best From The New Negro, and has been described as "something like a spiritual emancipation." Many African Americans moved to Harlem, a neighborhood located in Manhattan. Back in the day Harlem became the world’s largest black community; also home to a diverse mix of cultures. Having extraordinary outbreak of inspired movement revealed their unique culture and encouraged them to discover their heritage; and becoming "the New Negro,” Also known as “New Negro Movement,” it was later named the Harlem Renaissance.…
The article “Why I’m Black, Not African American”, written by John H. McWhorter, is about the difference between the terms, now used by many, “African American” and “Black”. The author is arguing that people from an African dissent should be called “Black” because it carries remembrance and pride through the sound. He explains that “African American” is a term used too much and isn’t a proper way to explain the struggle, hardship, and slavery our ancestors went through. Personally, I prefer the term “African American” because that’s what I’ve been using and been identified as since moving to America a decade ago. I always thought that the term “Black” was used for the people that were born here and being called “African American” also tells people that you weren’t born in America, which is why I prefer “African American”. Some people including some of my friends that were born in Africa but came to the US when they were little prefer to be called “Black” because they are ashamed to be called African. In the article “Our Biracial President” the author James Hannaham is trying to explain that the color of someone’s skin doesn’t determine who they are. Instead it just points to their cultural background. I agree with the author because if everyone didn’t care about each other’s skin color there wouldn’t be wars or gaps between everyone. But instead people are divided by race and skin color. Having a president that is biracial isn’t going to affect the county’s economy. Just because Obama is half black doesn’t mean that he’s not smart or as Hannaham says it doesn’t mean he’s going to have diamond grills that read “PREZ”. These stereotypes need to stop because they are ruining the way people interact with each other.…
“Ways with Words: Languages, Life and Work in Communities and Classrooms” is a classic ethnographic study done by the famous American linguistic anthropologist Shirley Brice Heath. In this book Heath presents the differences in the learning of language use; at home and at school ny8by children in Roadville and Trackton, two communities which are few miles apart in the south eastern United States. Roadville is a white working class community and they are involved in the ‘life of textile mills’ for four generations whereas Trackton is a black working class community, the older generation of which was imbued in land farming and the present generation is involved in the textile mills.…
For centuries, language has been evolutionary. Take the English Language from example; it progressed from Old English (an example would be a heroic epic poem Beowulf) which was used in the earlier centuries until the 13th century, when it was mostly reformed into Middle English (as shown in The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer), until Early Modern English replaced it in the 15th century (what we know now as the works of William Shakespeare), which eventually developed into the Modern English that English speakers are familiar with nowadays. The journey English Language embarked on over the centuries first emerged over time out of the many dialects and languages of the existing colonizing tribes, thus earning itself the name of a “borrowing” language, with an enormously distinct vocabulary, and then gradually forming its own distributive dialects, like the American English, British English, Canadian English, etc. With such monumental changes throughout time, it makes some curious and wonder how and who started each deviation. A question soon arises: “What or who’s to say which form of English is better than the others?” In Authority and American Usage, David Foster Wallace presented a language war between Prescriptivists, whom he mostly referred to as SNOOTs, and Philosophical Descriptivists. He claimed that “we SNOOTs are just about the last remaining kind of truly elitist nerd” [Wallace p.624] and that SNOOTs, being the arrogant Dogmatic Spirits that they are, maintain the notion that Standard Written English (SWE) is the “best” language out of all English dialects, and should be the only representation of the English Language. On the other hand, Descriptivists believe that the “Spoken language is the language.” [Wallace p.633] I personally feel that language does not determine a person’s worth in society (elitist or not), but instead helps to display said person’s ability to handle or react accordingly to a given situation. There are several circumstances…