Role of transmembrane signaling in immunorecognition (signal transduction) G Ligand (primary 0 messenger)
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Receptor-ligand
binding
CYTOSOL
Cellular responses
Signal transduction (via second messengers) shapeType75fBehindDocument1pWrapPolygonVertices8;6;(5829,21496);(0,21496);(0,0);(21495,0);(21495,17797);(5829,17797)posrelh0posrelv0pib Changes in gene expre seron
Copyri qht cD 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publi shinq as Benjam i n Cum m inq s
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GROWTH
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
SURVIVAL DIFFERENTIATION
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MIGRATION
PROLIFERATION
Membrane Receptor Classes shapeType75fBehindDocument1pWrapPolygonVertices8;20;(6276,4387);(6342,4387);(6342,6755);(7675,6755);(7675,9913);(9270,9913);(9270,7632);(14603,7632);(14603,6142);(21499,6142);(21499,21500);(0,21500);(0,6316);(2829,6316);(2829,4387);(3869,4387);(3869,0);(8489,0);(8489,1051);(6276,1051)posrelh0posrelv0pib Ugand.-gated channel
Ligand binding opens or closes the channel. Extracellular signal
/'" molecules
(') \ Receptor C7 region ECF
G proteln-coupreceptor "'V Integrin
Ligand binding to a receptor-enzyme activates an intracellular enzyme ..
Ugand binding to a G protein- l coupled receptor opens an ion channel or alters enzyme activity.
Ligand binding to ICF integrin receptors aHers the cytoskeleton.
F our classes of membrane receptors
DISTRIBUTION OF MOLECULAR FUNCTIONS OF 26,383 HUMAN GENES_ % OF TOTAL GENE NUMBER_ 42% UNKNOVVN FUNCTION